{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T23:44:44Z","timestamp":1788997484263,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]],"date-time":"2015-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Autoimmune blistering diseases (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIBD<\/jats:styled-content>s) are rare in children and their prevalence in Singapore is unclear. We aimed to investigate the clinical and immunopathologic characteristics of children diagnosed with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIBD<\/jats:styled-content>s in Singapore.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The clinical and histology databases at the National Skin Centre in Singapore were searched to identify patients younger than 18 years old diagnosed with an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIBD<\/jats:styled-content> from January 1, 1998, through December 31, 2012. Patient demographic characteristics, presentation, triggers, investigations, treatments, and disease course were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIBD<\/jats:styled-content>s were identified; five (41.7%) had linear immunoglobulin A disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LAD<\/jats:styled-content>); two (16.7%) each had pemphigus vulgaris (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content>), bullous pemphigoid, and bullous systemic lupus erythematosus; and one (8.3%) had pemphigus foliaceus. Four (33.3%) were female and eight (66.7%) male. The mean age of onset was 8.7 years (range 2\u201317 years). Most patients were treated with steroids and adjuvant immunosuppressants. Intravenous rituximab was used effectively in a patient with recalcitrant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content>. The mean follow\u2010up was 2.35 years (range 0.17\u20137.33 years). As of the last follow\u2010up, four (33.3%) patients were in complete remission off therapy, two (16.7%) were in complete remission on therapy, four (33.3%) were in partial remission on therapy, and two (16.7%) were lost to follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Consistent with the existing literature, our study shows that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LAD<\/jats:styled-content> is the most common cause of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIBD<\/jats:styled-content>s in children. Although common in the West, dermatitis herpetiformis was not identified in the current study. Intravenous rituximab may be considered in recalcitrant childhood <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content>, but vigilant monitoring for side effects is crucial. Immunohistopathologic evaluation is important and repeat biopsies may be of value in patients with atypical disease courses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12684","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]],"date-time":"2015-09-22T10:04:50Z","timestamp":1442916290000},"page":"845-852","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Retrospective Study on Autoimmune Blistering Disease in Paediatric Patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Yan Ling","family":"Kong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology National Skin Centre Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yen Loo","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology National Skin Centre Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nisha Suyien","family":"Chandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology National University Hospital Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2002.04919.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2011.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2012.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/239691"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20132378"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12231"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1546-0096-8-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","first-page":"1861","article-title":"Autoimmune bullous dermatoses: a review","volume":"65","author":"Bickle K","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1746"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.05.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.100587"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.04391.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000287254"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2007.00369.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06740.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2005.00118.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.1997.tb00954.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2011.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0365-05962011000400018"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2013.5691"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpde.12684","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pde.12684","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T15:07:53Z","timestamp":1695568073000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pde.12684"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pde.12684"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pde.12684","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-8046","1525-1470"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-8046","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1470","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]]}}}