{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T16:23:36Z","timestamp":1774715016274,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,9]],"date-time":"2016-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1465430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Combigan (Allergan, Irvine, CA) is an ophthalmic solution that combines 0.2% brimonidine, a selective \u03b1\u20102 adrenergic agonist, with 0.5% timolol, a nonselective \u03b2\u2010adrenergic antagonist. It is approved for the reduction of intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension. There have been recent reports of successful treatment of superficial infantile hemangiomas (IHs) using Combigan topically. We report the case of a 2\u2010month\u2010old girl who developed life\u2010threatening brimonidine toxicity requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation secondary to central nervous system depression and apnea after topical application to an ulcerated IH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,10]],"date-time":"2016-06-10T04:02:54Z","timestamp":1465531374000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Brimonidine Toxicity Secondary to Topical Use for an Ulcerated Hemangioma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Kamalvir","family":"Gill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheryl","family":"Bayart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ritu","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Golden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Raimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Tamburro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_3_2_1","unstructured":"Alphagan [package insert].Irvine CA:Allergan 2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12420"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_4_1","unstructured":"Combigan [package insert].Irvine CA:Allergan 2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_3_5_1","first-page":"2013","article-title":"Efficacy of topical brimonidine\u2010timolol for haemangioma of infancy and perils of off\u2010label prescribing","volume":"17","author":"Chu MB","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/1080768041725326"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1951"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpde.12868","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pde.12868","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T15:43:58Z","timestamp":1695743038000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pde.12868"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,9]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pde.12868"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pde.12868","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-8046","1525-1470"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-8046","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1470","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,9]]}}}