{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T09:15:32Z","timestamp":1782465332157,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,12]],"date-time":"2017-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute condition characterized by distinctive target lesions of the skin often accompanied by mucosal ulcers. A subset of individuals experience frequent episodes of recurrent EM, which is rare and poorly understood, especially in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To characterize clinical features, laboratory findings, and treatment responses of pediatric recurrent EM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective chart review was conducted at the Children's Hospital of Wisconsin in Milwaukee, Wisconsin (2000\u20102015) and the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota (1990\u20102015). Inclusion criterion was a diagnosis before age 18 years with recurrent EM, defined as a symmetrically distributed, fixed eruption, including target lesions, with or without mucous membrane involvement, occurring on at least three occasions. A literature review was conducted to include individuals who met the inclusion criterion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010six patients were included, of whom 16 (62%) were male. The median age of onset was 9.1\u00a0years (range 0\u201015.7\u00a0years). Nine patients (35%) required hospitalization. Herpes simplex virus testing was positive in 9 of 17 (65%) patients. Remission was achieved in 5 of 16 (31%) patients while taking suppressive antivirals. Eight patients received continuous anti\u2010inflammatory treatment, two (25%) of whom experienced remission.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study of pediatric recurrent EM found a greater male predominance, more hospitalizations, fewer cases caused by herpes simplex virus, and a\u00a0lower response to immunosuppression in children than in the general population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.13357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,12]],"date-time":"2017-12-12T10:53:01Z","timestamp":1513075981000},"page":"97-103","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Characteristics of pediatric recurrent erythema multiforme"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0317-7859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Heinze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megha","family":"Tollefson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section\u00a0of Pediatric Dermatology Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen E.","family":"Holland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section\u00a0of Pediatric Dermatology Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2869-2718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yvonne E.","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section\u00a0of Pediatric Dermatology Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI 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