{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T09:04:20Z","timestamp":1775207060204,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a common skin infection in the pediatric age group. The infection is self\u2010limited and manifests as discrete, umbilicated skin\u2010colored papules on any skin surface of the body. At times, complications such as local dermatitis and swelling, erythema, and pus formation may appear. These signs of inflammation are commonly presumed to represent bacterial infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This multicenter study was a retrospective analysis of data collected on all patients diagnosed with inflamed lesions secondary to MC and treated at the Hadassah Medical Centers and Shaare Zedek Medical Center in Jerusalem, Israel, from 1\/1\/2008 to 1\/07\/2018. Characteristics of children with positive cultures were compared to those with negative cultures and those with contaminants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 56 cases were reviewed; the mean age at presentation was 4.6\u00a0years. Fever was reported in 12.5%, and 62.5% received systemic antibiotics because of their inflamed MC prior to admission. Fifty\u2010five percent had sterile cultures or cultures growing only contaminants. Only seven had positive cultures with the common cutaneous pathogens<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic> No statistical difference was observed between the patients with pathogenic isolates and patients with sterile or non\u2010pathogenic cultures in terms of demographics, lesion characteristics, inflammatory markers, or length of hospitalization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings suggest that most cases of suspected MC\u2010related secondary infection can be attributed to inflammation rather than to bacterial infection. However, in some cases, true bacterial infection should be suspected and treated accordingly.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]],"date-time":"2020-03-02T01:38:36Z","timestamp":1583113116000},"page":"476-479","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The molluscum contagiosum BOTE sign\u2014Infected or inflamed?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2801-4693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Itai","family":"Gross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine Hadassah Medical Center Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine Queensland Children's Hospital Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noa","family":"Ben Nachum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5346-611X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vered","family":"Molho\u2010Pessach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Dermatology Service Department of Dermatology Hadassah\u2010Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giora","family":"Weiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine Shaare Zedek Medical Center Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yonatan","family":"Oster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of clinical microbiology and infectious diseases Hadassah Medical Center Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Engelhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit Hadassah\u2010Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Orli","family":"Megged","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit Shaare Zedek Medical Center Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saar","family":"Hashavya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine Hadassah Medical Center Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000249604"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S187224"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.13228"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-2933"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"An update on the clinical management of cutaneous molluscum contagiosum","volume":"19","author":"Nguyen HP","year":"2014","journal-title":"Skin Therapy Lett"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.256"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12483"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2017.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03500020061032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"183","article-title":"Actinomycosis: etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and management","volume":"7","author":"Valour F","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944715627622"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pde.14124","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/pde.14124","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pde.14124","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T07:54:57Z","timestamp":1693986897000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pde.14124"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pde.14124"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pde.14124","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-8046","1525-1470"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-8046","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1470","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-09-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-28","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-03-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}