{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:51:35Z","timestamp":1747187495557,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background\/Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Para<\/jats:italic>\u2010phenylenediamine, a dye frequently added to henna tattoos to create the black color, is a potent contact allergen. Severe contact dermatitis may arise within days even after the first application. Our objective was to develop a method for rapid and complete removal of <jats:italic>para<\/jats:italic>\u2010phenylenediamine\u2010containing black henna tattoos from the skin, an important problem many physicians are confronted with, but for which no simple method exists.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A database search revealed polyethylene glycol 400, described in removal of <jats:italic>ortho<\/jats:italic>\u2010phenylenediamine from contaminated skin. We therefore investigated its use in removal of the structurally related ortholog <jats:italic>para<\/jats:italic>\u2010phenylenediamine present in black henna tattoos.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A protocol was established involving repeated cycles of rinsing of the skin with polyethylene glycol 400 solution. In 5 patients, one of whom had already developed a severe blistering contact dermatitis and another a mild erosive dermatitis, black henna tattoos were successfully removed. Removal was completed in a single session of 1\u00a0hour or less, depending on tattoo size, with a maximum of 6 rinse cycles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We provide a simple and safe method for rapid and effective removal of black henna tattoos. This procedure requires no special equipment and can be applied in virtually any setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,27]],"date-time":"2020-09-27T08:13:53Z","timestamp":1601194433000},"page":"1063-1067","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficient removal of black henna tattoos"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"David M.","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johanna C.","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael P.","family":"Sch\u00f6n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9737-4858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Undine","family":"Lippert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2015.10.064"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12074"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","first-page":"261","article-title":"Allergic contact dermatitis due to a henna\u2010tattoo with sensitization to p\u2010phenylenediamine (PPD)","volume":"24","author":"Lippert U","year":"2001","journal-title":"Allergologie"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1988.tb05495.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2008.01427.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12920"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2011.01992.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2010.01834.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mop.0000236388.64333.cd"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","DOI":"10.1111\/dsu.12142"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90708-4"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-198910000-00004"},{"unstructured":"GESTIS Substance Database Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance (IFA).Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance.http:\/\/gestis\u2010en.itrust.de\/nxt\/gateway.dll\/gestis_en\/000000.xml?f=templates$fn=default.htm$vid=gestiseng:sdbeng$3.0. 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