{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T16:05:01Z","timestamp":1789661101559,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,7]],"date-time":"2021-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background\/Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to describe the clinical characteristics, management, and outcome of a series of children with chronic urticaria (CU).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively studied children aged &lt;15\u00a0years diagnosed with CU in a tertiary teaching hospital in Palma de Mallorca, Spain, between January 2014 and March 2019. CU was defined as persistence of symptoms of wheals, with or without angioedema, for &gt;6\u00a0weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010nine patients (17 girls, mean age 8\u00a0years) were included. Family history of atopy was found in 31% of the cases. In 41.3% of patients, episodes of CU were associated with angioedema. Physical triggers were found in 34.5% of the cases. Most episodes of CU were successfully managed with the recommended (60.7%) or double the recommended dose (17.2%) of H1\u2010antihistamines. Quadruple the recommended dose of H1 antihistamines was used in six patients, five of whom were finally treated with off\u2010label omalizumab. Treatment with anti\u2010leukotrienes was needed in one patient. Associated thyroiditis was diagnosed in one patient, which was controlled with levothyroxine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pediatric CU showed features similar to CU in adulthood, including a greater predominance in females and frequent association with personal or family history of atopy. Adult guidelines for the treatment of CU are currently extrapolated to the pediatric population. Specific tools for the assessment of disease activity and impairment of quality of life in pediatric CU are needed for use in prospective studies aimed to define treatment strategies for children with CU.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,10]],"date-time":"2021-01-10T12:54:31Z","timestamp":1610283271000},"page":"385-389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Chronic urticaria in children under 15 years of age: Clinical experience beyond the clinical trials"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6001-9120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oriol","family":"Corral\u2010Maga\u00f1a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Hospital Universitari Son Espases Palma de Mallorca Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Antonio","family":"Gil\u2010S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Allergology Hospital Universitari Son Espases Palma de Mallorca Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catalina","family":"Bover\u2010Bauz\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hospital Universitari Son Espases Palma de Mallorca Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Martinez\u2010Cepas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Hospital Universitari Son Espases Palma de Mallorca Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Concepci\u00f3n","family":"Montis\u2010Palos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Hospital Universitari Son Espases Palma de Mallorca Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Mart\u00edn\u2010Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Hospital Universitari Son Espases Palma de Mallorca Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2016.37.4010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12967"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2017.3182"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2010.01120.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13397"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.02.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1573"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2015.58.5.159"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13601\u2010017\u20100141\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2019.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.05.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2013.2158"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2005.00309.x"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"342","article-title":"Successful treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria associated with thyroid autoimmunity","volume":"10","author":"Gaig P","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.88.6.517"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ad.2016.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13697"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12407"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12609"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15045"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/TurkPediatriArs.2016.4042"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882\u2010018\u20100787\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14360"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052\u2010019\u20100695\u2010x"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pde.14455","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/pde.14455","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pde.14455","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T19:28:04Z","timestamp":1692300484000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pde.14455"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,7]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pde.14455"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pde.14455","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-8046","1525-1470"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-8046","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1470","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-04-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}