{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T22:48:49Z","timestamp":1776725329981,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":29,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background\/Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Current knowledge about usage of effective, but non\u2010first\u2010line topical acne medications in the United States is limited. We aimed to investigate utilization patterns and temporal trends for such acne medications in the US ambulatory care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pediatric (\u226418\u00a0years old) and adult (&gt;18\u00a0years old) data from the 2012 to 2016 (inclusive) cycles of the US National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey were extracted. Utilization patterns of six non\u2010first\u2010line topical acne medications (ie, azelaic acid, salicylic acid, glycolic acid, sulfur, resorcinol, and zinc) were compared and followed over time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from 218\u00a0410 US office\u2013based sampled visits during 2012\u20102016 were included in the analysis. Across all acne visits (n\u00a0=\u00a01542), salicylic acid (1.58%), azelaic acid (1.22%), and glycolic acid (0.52%) were the most frequently used agents, while zinc and resorcinol were not used. Sulfur (0.52%) and salicylic acid (0.33%) were the only medications used in preadolescents, and none of these medications were used in the neonatal or infantile group. Temporal trends for using at least one of these medications were insignificant among both pediatric and adult age groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.825 and .136, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Salicylic acid and azelaic acid are the most frequently used of the studied second\u2010line medications to treat acne, although the use of these and the other non\u2010first\u2010line topical medications overall is uncommon, especially among younger groups of US pediatric patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T05:55:26Z","timestamp":1633067726000},"page":"1066-1073","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Trends in utilization of non\u2010first\u2010line topical acne medications among children, adolescents, and adults in the United States, 2012\u20102016"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3578-5640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsen","family":"Afarideh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3164-6037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katinna E.","family":"Rodriguez Baisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ponce Health Sciences University Ponce Puerto Rico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6819-6044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawn M.R.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Hand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Genomics Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megha M.","family":"Tollefson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN 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