{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T11:19:51Z","timestamp":1788520791025,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]],"date-time":"2021-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vulvar vitiligo (VV) and vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS), both feature skin and mucosal hypo\u2010\/depigmentation. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and dermoscopic features of VV and VLS in the pediatric population, providing diagnostic clues, and to define their association. We performed a systematic literature review of the clinical and dermoscopic features of pediatric VV and VLS. An observational study was conducted on children affected by VLS associated with VV, referred to the Dermatology Unit of the Sant\u2019Orsola Polyclinic in Bologna, Italy. Medical history, age at diagnosis, ethnicity, clinical and dermoscopic features, and symptoms were recorded for all patients. 124 cases of VLS and 10 cases of VV were reviewed. Clinical manifestations included hypo\u2010\/depigmented patches in both conditions, while ecchymosis\/purpura and fissures\/erosion were observed in VLS. Symptoms including pruritus, pain, or burning were reported only by VLS patients. In our study five patients with VLS associated with VV were retrieved. Clinical features included well\u2010demarcated depigmented patches in VV and translucent areas, erythema, ecchymoses\/purpura, and labial fusion in VLS. Dermoscopy showed white structureless areas with a whipped cream\u2010like appearance, linear or dotted vessels, white chrysalis\u2010like structures, erosion and red\u2010purpuric blotches in VLS and reduced pigment network or pigment absence, intralesional spots of residual pigmentation and telangiectasias in VV. Symptoms were present in all patients. Both VV and VLS show hypo\u2010\/depigmented patches. In the presence of associated symptoms, possible VLS should be investigated with clinical and dermoscopic examination to achieve a prompt diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]],"date-time":"2021-09-25T02:17:19Z","timestamp":1632536239000},"page":"1012-1019","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Vulvar vitiligo and lichen sclerosus in children: A clinical challenge"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6595-7776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Veronesi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology \u2013 IRCSS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna Division of Dermatology Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine University of Bologna Bologna 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