{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T22:29:37Z","timestamp":1791325777966,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,6]],"date-time":"2025-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743897600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004357","name":"Procter and Gamble","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004357","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background\/Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Skin is a baby's first line of defense against mechanical, chemical, enzymatic, and microbial insults. Preventive interventions in the diapered area are important given repetitive, episodic exposures to irritants in urine and feces. For over a century, physicians have utilized petrolatum\u2010based emollients (PBE) prophylactically and retroactively for skin irritation in the diapered area. In this study, a diaper containing an anhydrous, shea butter\u2010based emollient (SBE) was evaluated for its skin effects on adult and baby skin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 6\u2010week, randomized, crossover, on\u2010baby study was conducted to compare diapered skin erythema from PBE\u2010, SBE\u2010, or non\u2010emollient\u2010containing diapers. Quantification of emollient transfer from diaper to baby was also determined, and two adult forearm studies evaluated emollient effects to lessen irritation by sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or prevent skin overhydration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Babies who transitioned from the PBE\u2010containing diaper to the no emollient diaper exhibited a significant increase in skin erythema, whereas no increase was observed for those transitioning from the PBE to the SBE diaper. Babies wearing the SBE diaper were 2.6x more likely to be free of erythema (score\u2009=\u20090) at the perianal site versus the non\u2010emollient diaper, whereas the proportion of erythema\u2010free babies was similar between PBE and SBE diapers, consistent with their similar protection of skin in the adult forearm models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Collectively, these studies demonstrate a disposable diaper containing an emollient protects diapered skin versus diapers without emollients. SBE was as effective in mitigating erythema, was well\u2010tolerated, and provided similar protection as the PBE in a diaper context.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.15944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T05:02:15Z","timestamp":1744002135000},"page":"532-538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Clinical Evaluation of a Diaper Containing a Shea Butter\u2010Based Emollient and Impact on Diapered Skin Erythema"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"R. J.","family":"O'Connor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marty O.","family":"Visscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, College of Medicine University of Cincinnati  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivek","family":"Narendran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine University of Cincinnati  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Wiesemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company  Schwalbach am Taunus Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1676-8033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. N.","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7211305"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2494.2006.00338.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2009.00858.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2023.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.1986.tb00513.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2007.00499.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14047"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.13495"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12819"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2008.0034"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","first-page":"651","article-title":"Water\u2010Handling Properties of Vernix Caseosa and a Synthetic Analogue","volume":"58","author":"Tansirikongkol A.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Cosmetic Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00696.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.1986.tb00499.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.1986.tb00498.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000018365"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000018366"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922819841136"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14602"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12501"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","volume-title":"Evidence\u2010Based Clinical Practice Guidelines","author":"AWHONN Neonatal Skin Care Guidelines","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12556778"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00417338"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.14478"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2016.08.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/drp\/3586393"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pde.15944","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T06:45:39Z","timestamp":1751525139000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pde.15944"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,6]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pde.15944"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pde.15944","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-8046","1525-1470"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-8046","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1470","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}