{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T04:56:03Z","timestamp":1790571363752,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica (\n EBD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is characterized by mucocutaneous fragility with blistering, scarring and severe growth retardation attributed to many factors.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n This cross\u2010sectional study included 51 patients aged 1\u201312\u2009years with recessive dystrophic\n EB<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n RDEB<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). Weight and height were measured, with the calculation of weight standard deviation (\n SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), height\n SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and body mass index (\n BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), followed by plotting them on Egyptian growth curves. Serum levels of basal growth hormone (\n GH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), insulin\u2010like growth factor 1 (\n IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20101), hemoglobin (Hb) level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (\n ESR<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), and thyroid functions (\n TSH<\/jats:styled-content>\n and free\n T4<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) were measured. Growth hormone stimulation test was performed in 11 patients.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Weight\n SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n and height\n SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n were lower than normal measurements (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05*). Growth hormone, growth hormone stimulation, and\n IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20101 were lower than the normal range (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05*). Hb levels were lower than normal, whereas\n ESR<\/jats:styled-content>\n levels were elevated (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001*). A negative correlation was found between\n ESR<\/jats:styled-content>\n and basal\n GH<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and a positive correlation between\n ESR<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20101.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Children with generalized\n RDEB<\/jats:styled-content>\n have poor growth and low circulating\n GH<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20101 levels, likely due not only to malnutrition and anemia, but possibly also as a consequence of inflammation that suppresses the\n GH<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20101 axis. Future treatments targeting the correction of\n GH<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20101 levels as well as the chronic inflammatory state should be considered.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05390073<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.70113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T06:57:54Z","timestamp":1764053874000},"page":"1032-1036","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of Growth Hormone and Insulin\u2010Like Growth Factor 1 in Children With Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9997-2229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"El Darouti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7606-3860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iman Sany","family":"Zaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1036-9755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noha","family":"Mousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6641-8456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hagar","family":"El Sayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.18624"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000471876"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2015.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000452150"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","first-page":"499","article-title":"Insulin\u2010Like Growth Factor\u2010I Is a Marker for the Nutritional State","volume":"13","author":"Hawkes C. P.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02676.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000001528"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Neonatal Anthropometry: A Tool to Evaluate the Nutritional Status, and to Predict Early and Late Risks","author":"Wang Y.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.18475"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","first-page":"131","volume-title":"Clinical Issues in Growth Disorders: Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapy","author":"Thissen J.","year":"1994"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","article-title":"Growth and Puberty in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases","volume":"8","author":"Amaro F.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01657"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","first-page":"94","article-title":"A Case of Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa Associated With Dwarfism With Special Reference to Pathophysiological Role of Growth Hormone","volume":"66","author":"Nakamura F.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nihon Naibunpi Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18091878"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2011.519"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14481"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ced\/llad012"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pde.70113","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/pde.70113","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pde.70113","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T04:24:50Z","timestamp":1790569490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pde.70113"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pde.70113"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pde.70113","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-8046","1525-1470"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-8046","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1470","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}