{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T01:02:48Z","timestamp":1784595768317,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neonates in low\u2010income countries face a high burden of skin and subcutaneous diseases. We evaluated trends, inequalities, and future projections for these conditions from 1990 to 2035.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2023 study, we analyzed incidence rates and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) from 1990 to 2023 across 50 low\u2010income countries. Inequalities were assessed using the slope and concentration indices, and frontier analysis was applied to identify high\u2010burden outliers relative to the socio\u2010demographic index (SDI). Trends were projected to the year 2035.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between 1990 and 2023, the overall incidence rate in low SDI regions declined slightly (EAPC\u2009=\u2009\u22120.07, 95% CI \u20130.09 to \u22120.05). Disease\u2010specific trends varied: scabies (EAPC\u2009=\u20090.45), pruritus (EAPC\u2009=\u20090.31), other skin and subcutaneous diseases (EAPC\u2009=\u20090.29), and bacterial skin diseases (EAPC\u2009=\u20090.06) increased, while fungal skin diseases decreased (EAPC\u2009=\u2009\u22120.50). Incidence rates were consistently higher among females. National incidence rates in 2023 ranged from 40,436.75 per 100,000 in Honduras to 98,996.08 in Nigeria. A strong inverse correlation with SDI was observed, and frontier analysis identified Ethiopia, Mali, and Guinea\u2010Bissau as high\u2010burden outliers. Projections to 2035 indicate total annual cases will rise to 2.84 million (95% UI 2.08\u20133.87 million), with continued increases for bacterial diseases (projected cases: 635,957) and scabies (412,427).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The burden of neonatal skin diseases in low\u2010income countries is substantial, unequal, and increasing for key conditions. Targeted prevention and management strategies integrated into primary neonatal care are urgently needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.70304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:30:42Z","timestamp":1784593842000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Burden of Neonatal Skin and Subcutaneous Diseases in Low\u2010Income Countries"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6073-2303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liqin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8019.2005.05011.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2016.5538"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-025-05663-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_513_23"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/NPM-180196"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)01637-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-025-06516-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2024.100842"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","article-title":"Community\u2010Based Maternal and Newborn Educational Care Packages for Improving Neonatal Health and Survival in Low\u2010 and Middle\u2010Income Countries","volume":"2019","author":"Lassi Z. 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