{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T22:25:01Z","timestamp":1781821501970,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,16]],"date-time":"2013-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite resolution of the symptoms of eating and\/or swallowing disorders, prolonged tube feeding is maintained in some children. This study summarized the characteristics of children with tube dependence and investigated the causes of tube dependence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical and growth data were evaluated using medical records and referral forms for 35 tube\u2010dependent children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The children in this study had a median age of 30 months (range, 17\u201337 months) on the first visit and 35.5 months (range, 21.3\u201344.8 months) at tube removal. Seven children were not weaned from the feeding tube within the study period. Twenty\u2010two (63%) of the children were girls, 20 (57%) were able to walk, 24 (69%) had mild mental retardation, and 33 (94%) had underlying disease. Tube\u2010dependent children tended to weigh less than age\u2010matched normal children. Sixteen children (45.7%) were underweight. Children who had their feeding tubes removed before age 3 were significantly younger at the initial visit than those who had their tubes removed after 3 years of age. Increased finger feeding was observed during the period before tube removal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tube\u2010dependent children tend to be close to normal in body growth and intellectual development. When weaning from tube feeding, interventions at earlier ages are more efficient. Reduction in or discontinuation of tube feeding and encouragement of self\u2010feeding were effective to wean off tube feeding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,18]],"date-time":"2012-12-18T18:33:05Z","timestamp":1355855585000},"page":"208-213","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Characteristics of and weaning strategies in tube\u2010dependent children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Akiko","family":"Ishizaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Needs Dentistry Division of Hygiene and Oral Health Showa University School of Dentistry"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouji","family":"Hironaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Needs Dentistry Division of Hygiene and Oral Health Showa University School of Dentistry"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaru","family":"Tatsuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiharu","family":"Mukai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Needs Dentistry Division of Hygiene and Oral Health Showa University School of Dentistry"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-1609.2010.00184.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Tube dependence: a reactive eating behavior disorder","volume":"3","author":"Dunitz\u2010Scheer M","year":"2011","journal-title":"ICAN"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of tube dependency in infancy and early childhood","volume":"1","author":"Dunitz\u2010Scheer M","year":"2009","journal-title":"ICAN"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Dysphagia rehabilitation in children: From the standpoint of pediatricians","volume":"122","author":"Tatsuno M","year":"2010","journal-title":"MB Med. Reha"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00261653"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31819b5db9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-004-0025-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","unstructured":"Japanese Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare Report of the 2000 national growth survey on preschool children(in Japanese). [Cited 24 October 2001.] Available from URL:http:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/houdou\/0110\/h1024\u20104.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","unstructured":"Japanese Ministry of Education Sports Science and Technology.Report of the 2000 national growth survey of normal Japanese children 5\u201017 years of age(in Japanese). [Cited 28 March 2001.] Available from URL:http:\/\/www.e\u2010stat.go.jp\/SG1\/estat\/NewList.do?tid=000001011648"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.179861"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"441","volume-title":"Pediatric Swallowing and Feeding: Assessment and Management","author":"Terrilyn J","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1053815110362690"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200001000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.90.4.542","article-title":"Variability and self\u2010regulation of energy intake in young children in their everyday environment","volume":"90","author":"Shea S","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2000.108397"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-984728"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181615ccb"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7881\/dentalmedres.32.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infbeh.2004.06.003"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fped.12030","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ped.12030","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T19:48:56Z","timestamp":1697312936000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ped.12030"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ped.12030"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ped.12030","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1328-8067","1442-200X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1328-8067","type":"print"},{"value":"1442-200X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}}}