{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T16:27:31Z","timestamp":1770913651793,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,18]],"date-time":"2013-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371513600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The antimicrobial resistance capability of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>elicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> is one of the critical factors in the failure to treat this pathogen. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changing pattern of primary antibiotic resistance rates in children in the southern central part of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>outh <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>orea from 1990 to 2009.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic> strains were isolated from children who had undergone upper endoscopy at <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>yeongsang <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>ational <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">U<\/jats:styled-content>niversity <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ospital, including 58 children from 1990\u20131994 and 33 children from 2005\u20132009. The susceptibility of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic> strains to erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, metronidazole, furazolidone, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and rifabutin was tested using the serial twofold agar dilution method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The resistance rate to erythromycin increased significantly from 13.8% in 1990\u20131994 to 33.3% in 2005\u20132009 (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.032). Clarithromycin resistance increased from 6.9% to 18.2%. Metronidazole resistance decreased from 32.8% to 27.3%. The minimum inhibitory concentration of azithromycin and erythromycin showed definite shifts to higher concentrations in 2005\u20132009 compared with the strains sampled in 1990\u20131994 (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021 and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.025, respectively). The frequency of both macrolide\u2010 and metronidazole\u2010resistant strains was 13.8% in 1990\u20131994 and 15.2% in 2005\u20132009. No associations were detected between multidrug\u2010resistant strains and the two study periods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The antibiotic resistance rates of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic> in Jinju had a different pattern to other regions. The antibiotic resistance rates of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic> showed geographic variation, and local data should be provided as a guideline for treating <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic> infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,2]],"date-time":"2013-01-02T10:27:20Z","timestamp":1357122440000},"page":"332-336","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Changing pattern of antibiotic resistance of <i><scp>H<\/scp>elicobacter pylori<\/i> in children during 20 years in <scp>J<\/scp>inju, <scp>S<\/scp>outh <scp>K<\/scp>orea"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Ji\u2010Hyun","family":"Seo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine  Jinju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin\u2010Su","family":"Jun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine  Jinju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung Sook","family":"Yeom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine  Jinju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji Sook","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine  Jinju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hee\u2010Shang","family":"Youn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine  Jinju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gyung\u2010Hyuck","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine  Jinju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung\u2010Chul","family":"Baik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine  Jinju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Woo\u2010Kon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine  Jinju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myung\u2010Je","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine  Jinju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwang\u2010Ho","family":"Rhee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine  Jinju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2002.01169.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.022111"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3182227e90","article-title":"Evidence\u2010based guidelines from ESPGHN and NASPGHAN for Helicobacter pylori infection in children","volume":"53","author":"Koletzko S","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2006.101634"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2007.00485.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"1178","article-title":"Sequential treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication in children","volume":"57","author":"Francavilla R","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200011000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200002000-00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s100960100611"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-002-1079-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200102000-00030","article-title":"Choosing triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori in children: Antimicrobial resistance testing of first gastric biopsy culture may predict outcome","volume":"32","author":"Kalach N","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200012000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"117","volume-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. 12th Informational Supplement","author":"National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/49.3.541"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2009.00737.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2011.00841.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.5223\/kjpgn.2004.7.2.137","article-title":"Detection of 23S rRNA mutation associated with clarithromycin resistance in children with Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"7","author":"Ko JS","year":"2004","journal-title":"Korean J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2010.00753.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2007.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000160941.65324.6b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","first-page":"88","article-title":"High percentage of clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance in Helicobacter pylori clinical isolates obtained from Spanish children","volume":"22","author":"Agudo S","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev. Esp. Quimioter."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2009.02915.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70101-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2011.00856.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.2.649-653.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521003663688"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr293"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MPG.0000155567.71902.75"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fped.12048","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ped.12048","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T18:55:49Z","timestamp":1697309749000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ped.12048"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ped.12048"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ped.12048","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1328-8067","1442-200X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1328-8067","type":"print"},{"value":"1442-200X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]}}}