{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T03:17:26Z","timestamp":1777519046755,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,30]],"date-time":"2013-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pathogenic mechanisms underlying influenza <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A(H1N1)pdm09<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010associated central nervous system (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNS<\/jats:styled-content>) manifestations and pneumonia remain unclear. This study examined <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A(H1N1)pdm09<\/jats:styled-content> host responses using gene expression profiles of patients\u2019 peripheral blood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixteen <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A(H1N1)pdm09<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected children in three groups were examined: a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNS<\/jats:styled-content> group, with convulsion and altered consciousness (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 6); a pneumonia (Pneu) group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 5); and a group of infected control patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 5). The signal ratios of the acute to recovery phases in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNS<\/jats:styled-content> or Pneu were analyzed versus those of the control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNS<\/jats:styled-content> (619 transcripts) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>neu (656 transcripts) groups had significantly increased signal ratios compared to the control group. Regarding the increased ratios of transcripts shown by multiple probes, contactin\u2010associated protein\u2010like 3 transcripts, oleoyl\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACP<\/jats:styled-content> hydrolase transcripts, and interleukin 1 type 1 receptor were observed in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNS<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>neu. Increased ratios of prostaglandin\u2010endoperoxide synthase 2 and \u03b1\u2010synuclein were characteristic of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNS<\/jats:styled-content>. Alkaline phosphatase and the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>c fragment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IgA<\/jats:styled-content> receptor were characteristic of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>neu. Regarding enriched gene ontology terms, \u2018response to lipopolysaccharide\u2019, \u2018innate immune response\u2019, and \u2018intrinsic to membrane\u2019 were observed commonly in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNS<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>neu. Enriched gene ontology terms related to \u2018hemoglobin\u2019 and \u2018hemostasis\u2019 were, respectively, characteristic of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNS<\/jats:styled-content> and Pneu.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These symptom\u2010associated transcripts might be some clues to the pathogenesis of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A(H1N1)pdm09<\/jats:styled-content> infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,23]],"date-time":"2013-05-23T14:56:22Z","timestamp":1369320982000},"page":"572-577","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Pathogenic mechanisms of influenza <scp>A(H1N1)pdm09<\/scp> infection elucidated on gene expression profiling"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Nobuko","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences  Okayama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Tsukahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences  Okayama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitsuru","family":"Tsuge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences  Okayama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiharu","family":"Nagaoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences  Okayama 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