{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T15:11:44Z","timestamp":1783350704649,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,24]],"date-time":"2014-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1411516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":54,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Varicella zoster virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VZV<\/jats:styled-content>) is the etiologic agent of varicella, and it remains common among children in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>apan due to low vaccination rates. It can cause a variety of serious and life\u2010threatening complications. Generally, the most frequent complication of varicella in healthy children is bacterial superinfection, but empyema after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VZV<\/jats:styled-content> infection is a rare condition. This case report describes a previously healthy 21\u2010month\u2010old boy who attended nursery school with a recent varicella and group A \u03b2\u2010hemolytic streptococcus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABHS)<\/jats:styled-content> pharyngitis outbreak and who presented with a 7\u2009day history of vesicular rash along with progressive fever. Due to continued mild cough and prolonged fever, however, chest radiography was done, which showed a right pleural effusion. Further computed tomography showed a right pulmonary empyema, and purulent material was drained and eventually grew <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABHS<\/jats:styled-content>. This report hereby describes the development of pleural empyema caused by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABHS<\/jats:styled-content> after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VZV<\/jats:styled-content> infection in a serologically immunocompetent patient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,24]],"date-time":"2014-09-24T06:25:25Z","timestamp":1411539925000},"page":"618-621","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Streptococcus pulmonary empyema after varicella infection in a serologically immunocompetent boy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Teine Keijinkai Hospital  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Nagumo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Teine Keijinkai Hospital  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Obihiro Kyokai Hospital  Obihiro Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayato","family":"Aoyagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Obihiro Kyokai Hospital  Obihiro Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery Teine Keijinkai Hospital  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiaki","family":"Narita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery Teine Keijinkai Hospital  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Teine Keijinkai Hospital  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyotaka","family":"Kosugiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Teine Keijinkai Hospital  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taiji","family":"Nakashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Teine Keijinkai Hospital  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshikazu","family":"Kinugawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Teine Keijinkai Hospital  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","volume-title":"Feigin and Cherry's Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases","author":"Feigin RD","year":"2009"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.78.4.728","article-title":"Varicella: Complications and costs","volume":"78","author":"Preblud SR","year":"1986","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-013-0577-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","first-page":"1470","article-title":"Severe complications of varicella in previously healthy children in Germany: A 1\u2010year survey","volume":"113","author":"Ziebold 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