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In group 3, consecutive samples at 3\u2009h, 24\u2009h, 72\u2009h, 7\u2009days, 14\u2009days, and 36\u2009weeks after conception were also analyzed. Group 3 was also evaluated for mortality, respiratory treatment and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPD<\/jats:styled-content>), patent ductus arteriosus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDA<\/jats:styled-content>), intraventricular hemorrhage (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVH<\/jats:styled-content>) and retinopathy of prematurity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROP<\/jats:styled-content>) and necrotizing enterocolitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NEC<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cord blood chitotriosidase activity was positively correlated with gestational age and birthweight. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNAPPE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> score was correlated with chitotriosidase activity at 24\u2009h. Consecutive chitotriosidase activity for group 3 was non\u2010significantly higher in infants who died in the early neonatal period. Higher chitotriosidase activity was observed in mechanically ventilated infants than infants treated with non\u2010invasive assisted ventilation. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPD<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDA<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVH<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROP<\/jats:styled-content>, but not <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NEC<\/jats:styled-content>, were related to higher chitotriosidase activity, being significant at some of the time points.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neonatal stress such as invasive ventilation may create a risk for the development of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPD<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDA<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVH<\/jats:styled-content>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROP<\/jats:styled-content> by increasing macrophage activation in preterm infants as reflected in the higher chitotriosidase activity. High chitotriosidase activity may also be associated with disease severity and mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12532","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,4]],"date-time":"2014-11-04T08:55:22Z","timestamp":1415091322000},"page":"414-421","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cord blood and consecutive chitotriosidase activity: Relationship to prematurity and early prognosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Sezgin","family":"Gunes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Neonatology Ege University Faculty of Medicine  Izmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Yalaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Neonatology Ege University Faculty of Medicine  Izmir 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