{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T09:23:50Z","timestamp":1780392230298,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,22]],"date-time":"2015-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1432252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with the development of parenteral nutrition\u2010associated liver disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PNALD<\/jats:styled-content>) and to examine the clinicopathological relationship of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PNALD<\/jats:styled-content> in extremely low\u2010birthweight infants (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELBWI<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The subjects were 13 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELBWI<\/jats:styled-content> who had received <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PN<\/jats:styled-content> because of intestinal perforation or functional ileus between 2000 and 2013. We measured the serum levels of biochemical parameters, including aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and direct bilirubin. Liver histopathology was examined in relation to outcome. The subjects were categorized into two groups on liver histopathology: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>(+), development of hepatic fibrosis and necrosis with\/without cholestasis; and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>(\u2212), no hepatic fibrosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 13 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELBWI<\/jats:styled-content>, five died of hepatic failure, five died of sepsis, and the other three were alive at the time of the study. Of the five infants who died of hepatic failure, two developed fulminant hepatitis without cholestasis, and the other three developed chronic cholestasis and finally hepatic failure. Postmortem histopathology in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>(+) indicated not only massive hepatic necrosis, but also massive hepatic fibrosis. These histopathological findings explained the clinical presentation of portal hypertension. There were significant differences in the fasting period after intestinal disease onset between the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prolonged fasting with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PN<\/jats:styled-content> is responsible for severe hepatocellular necrosis with fibrosis and consequent lethal portal hypertension.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]],"date-time":"2015-02-26T13:23:21Z","timestamp":1424957001000},"page":"677-681","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Parenteral nutrition\u2010associated liver disease in extremely low\u2010birthweight infants with intestinal disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Katsuhisa","family":"Hirano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akio","family":"Kubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Anatomic Pathology Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisayoshi","family":"Kawahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Yoneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuko","family":"Tazuke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gakuto","family":"Tani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Ishii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taro","family":"Goda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Umeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinya","family":"Hirno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Medicine Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Shiraishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Medicine Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirnoyuki","family":"Kitajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Medicine Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(71)80289-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2000.7769"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90859-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20997"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s003830050668"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2000.18299"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-002-0839-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-007-1984-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","first-page":"120","article-title":"Meconium related ileus in a perinatal referring center","volume":"31","author":"Kubota A","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. 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