{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T10:54:35Z","timestamp":1761994475328,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,19]],"date-time":"2017-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intracranial arteriovenous shunts (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICAVS<\/jats:styled-content>) in young children are characterized by frequent high\u2010flow fistulas. In association with high\u2010flow fistulas and the physiological condition of the developing brain and heart, each <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICAVS<\/jats:styled-content> type tends to present at a certain age with unique symptoms. Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VGAM<\/jats:styled-content>) and dural sinus malformation with arteriovenous (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AV<\/jats:styled-content>) shunt tend to present in the neonate with high output cardiac failure. In infancy, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VGAM<\/jats:styled-content>, pial arteriovenous fistula (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AVF<\/jats:styled-content>) and infantile dural <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AVF<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DAVF<\/jats:styled-content>) tend to present with hydrodynamic disorder such as macrocephaly, ventriculomegaly, prominent facial veins, and developmental delay. Pial <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AVF<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> AV<\/jats:styled-content> malformation, and infantile <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DAVF<\/jats:styled-content> can present with focal neurological signs such as seizure or hemorrhage at older ages. Endovascular treatment is currently the first choice of treatment for most pediatric <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICAVS<\/jats:styled-content>. The treatment goal should be defined on a patient\u2010by\u2010patient basis, according to the unique physiological condition of the child.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.13159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,7]],"date-time":"2016-09-07T15:16:24Z","timestamp":1473261384000},"page":"247-257","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Endovascular treatment of pediatric intracranial arteriovenous shunt"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Yasunari","family":"Niimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroendovascular Therapy St Luke's International Hospital Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","first-page":"229","volume-title":"Brain and Spinal Vessels","author":"Niimi Y","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4160-5316-3.00211-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00801914"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-68320-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00263834"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","first-page":"251","volume-title":"The Cerebral Venous System and its Disorders","author":"Povlishock J","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00298261"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00274522"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2012-010318"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15274\/INR-2014-10066"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm211"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/159101990100700101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.10026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.20746"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000237445.39514.16"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","first-page":"1014","volume-title":"Principles and Practice of Pediatric Neurosurgery","author":"Berenstein A","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","first-page":"293","article-title":"Intracranial arteriovenous vascular lesions in children. 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