{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:22:01Z","timestamp":1787016121537,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,22]],"date-time":"2016-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1482364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Streptococcus pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n (group A\n Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n ) is the etiological agent of perineal infection in children, consisting of perianal infection, vulvovaginitis and balanitis. If it is not properly diagnosed and treated, it can persist for many months and can cause severe complications. Furthermore, treatment with penicillin can be followed by failures and recurrences.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We report here the prevalence of\n S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n isolates in genital tract specimens from girls (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 1692) with symptoms of vulvovaginitis and from boys (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 52) with balanitis in the municipality of Nis, Southeast\u2010Serbia (the Western Balkans) in a 10 year period, and the seasonal distribution, patient age and sensitivity to bacitracin and antimicrobial drugs used in the treatment of streptococcal infection.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Streptococcal vulvovaginitis was diagnosed in 2.30% of examinees. Of those cases, 64.10% were detected from April to September, and it was most common (71.79%) in girls aged 3\u20137 years. Streptococcal balanitis was diagnosed in two instances: in a 4\u2010year\u2010old boy and in a 7\u2010year\u2010old boy.\n S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n strains resistant to bacitracin were identified in five girls. Two isolates with M phenotype and five isolates with\n \n cMLS\n B<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n phenotype were identified.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Streptococcal vulvovaginitis was diagnosed less often in the present study, but it was still far more common than streptococcal balanitis in childhood. Bacitracin resistance of\n S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n strains should be taken into account in routine microbiological identification, and the detection of\n S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n isolates resistant to erythromycin requires surveillance in the present geographical territory.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.13169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,16]],"date-time":"2016-09-16T21:36:58Z","timestamp":1474061818000},"page":"432-437","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Streptococcus pyogenes<\/i>\n as the cause of vulvovaginitis and balanitis in children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Gordana","family":"Randjelovic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Nis Ni\u0161 Serbia"},{"name":"Center of Microbiology Public Health Institute Nis Ni\u0161 Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzana","family":"Otasevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Nis Ni\u0161 Serbia"},{"name":"Center of Microbiology Public Health Institute Nis Ni\u0161 Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Snezana","family":"Mladenovic\u2010Antic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Microbiology Public Health Institute Nis Ni\u0161 Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vesna","family":"Mladenovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Microbiology Public Health Institute Nis Ni\u0161 Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radmila","family":"Radovanovic\u2010Velickovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Nis Ni\u0161 Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic of Nephrology Clinical Centre of Nis Ni\u0161 Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Randjelovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Microbiology Public Health Institute Nis Ni\u0161 Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dragan","family":"Bogdanovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Microbiology Public Health Institute Nis Ni\u0161 Serbia"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences State University of Novi Pazar Novi Pazar Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.106.2.276"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-693X(14)72269-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.05.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-003-1373-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1470.2000.01701.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.88.4.324"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-12-280"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2013.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02383-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 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