{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T22:15:13Z","timestamp":1792880113290,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,3]],"date-time":"2017-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study examined the trends for the serotypes of <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> that have caused infections before (2010) and after (2012) the introduction of PCV\u20107 in Japan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined 458 strains of <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> obtained from 22 pediatric institutions throughout Japan from January to June 2010 (immediately after the introduction of the seven\u2010valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20107]), and 370 strains obtained from 19 institutions from January to June 2012 (after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20107 became widely used). The samples were collected from children aged 0\u201314 years with conditions such as respiratory tract infections (upper airway inflammation, bronchitis, and pneumonia), meningitis, and sepsis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The most frequent serotype in the 2010 strains was 19F (17.3%), followed by 6B (16.8%), and 23F (15.1%). The most frequent serotype in the 2012 strains was 6C (10.0%), followed by 19F (9.7%), 15A (8.9%) and 15B (8.9%), indicating a significant change in the distribution. The serotypes contained in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20107 were detected in 280 strains (61.1%) in 2010 and in 81 strains (21.9%) in 2012 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). The serotypes contained in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u201013 were detected in 356 strains (77.7%) in 2010 and in 146 strains (39.5%) in 2012 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). A total of 129 subjects who had not been vaccinated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20107 and 127 subjects who had been vaccinated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20107 at least once, were compared with regard to the 2012 strains. The serotypes contained in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20107 were found in 21 strains (16.5%) in those who had been vaccinated and in 37 strains (28.7%) in those who had not been vaccinated (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The increased use of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20107 led to decreases in the serotypes contained in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u201013 and increases in the serotypes not contained in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u201013, suggesting serotype replacement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.13386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,5]],"date-time":"2017-08-05T08:22:37Z","timestamp":1501921357000},"page":"52-56","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Serotype replacement of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/i> due to seven\u2010valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2693-515X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Sakata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Asahikawa Kosei Hospital Asahikawa Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshitake","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Subaru Health Insurance Society Ota Memorial Hospital Ota Gunma Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshikiyo","family":"Toyonaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Sekishinkai Sayama Hospital Sayama Saitama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Hanaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kitasato Institute Kitasato University Research Center for Anti\u2010infectious Drugs Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Drug\u2010Resistant Pathogen Surveillance Group in Pediatric Infectious Disease","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"893","article-title":"Direct and indirect effects of routine vaccination of children with 7\u2010valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease: United States, 1998\u20132003","volume":"54","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2005","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. 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