{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T09:22:43Z","timestamp":1762507363380,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]],"date-time":"2018-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Appropriate calcium and phosphate supplementation is essential for bone growth in preterm infants. Using Rehabix\u2010K2\u2122 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AY<\/jats:styled-content> Pharmaceuticals, Tokyo, Japan) and Pleamin\u2010P Injection\u2122 (Fuso Pharmaceutical Industries, Osaka, Japan) as the total parenteral nutrition (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPN<\/jats:styled-content>) and amino acid solution, respectively, we investigated ways of maximizing calcium and phosphate in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPN<\/jats:styled-content> solution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rehabix\u2010K2, Pleamin\u2010P, calcium gluconate, sodium phosphate, 50% glucose, and water were mixed in varying proportions to create 16 formulations. Precipitation assessment was done three times for each of the 16 formulations, and was based on the Japanese Pharmacopeia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result<\/jats:title><jats:p>Precipitation was observed 24\u00a0h after mixing when the calcium and phosphate were 60\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mE<\/jats:styled-content>q\/L and 30\u00a0mmol\/L or 80\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mE<\/jats:styled-content>q\/L and 40 mmol\/L, respectively. No precipitation was observed when the calcium and phosphate were 20\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mE<\/jats:styled-content>q\/L and 10\u00a0mmol\/L, respectively. Precipitation was observed once out of three times, when the calcium and phosphate were 40\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mE<\/jats:styled-content>q\/L and 20\u00a0mmol\/L, respectively, and the amino acids were 2% and 3% (mean <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>, 6.13 and 6.26, respectively). No precipitation was observed, however, when the calcium and phosphate were 40\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mE<\/jats:styled-content>q\/L and 20\u00a0mmol\/L, respectively, and the amino acids were 0% and 1% (mean <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>, 5.88 and 6.05, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Not only the concentration of calcium and phosphate, but also the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content> of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPN<\/jats:styled-content> solution, are crucial factors for precipitation. Based on these results, a well\u2010balanced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPN<\/jats:styled-content> solution maximizing calcium and phosphate availability will be able to be formulated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.13579","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,14]],"date-time":"2018-04-14T06:37:56Z","timestamp":1523687876000},"page":"634-638","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Maximization of calcium and phosphate in neonatal total parenteral nutrition"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1008-5071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hidehiko","family":"Maruyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology Center for Maternal\u2013Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jumpei","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miki","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mai","family":"Mochizuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoichi","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yushi","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology Center for Maternal\u2013Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mpg.0000181841.07090.f4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-14-48"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607110374615"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607191015006608"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"Calcium and phosphorus compatibility in parenteral nutrition solutions for neonates","volume":"39","author":"Eggert LD","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am. 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