{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T13:16:54Z","timestamp":1788959814239,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,21]],"date-time":"2018-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Non\u2010invasive neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010NAVA<\/jats:styled-content>), a mode of non\u2010invasive ventilation (NIV<\/jats:styled-content>) controlled by diaphragmatic electrical activity, may be superior to other NIV<\/jats:styled-content> as a respiratory support after extubation in preterm infants, but no report has compared NIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010NAVA<\/jats:styled-content> with other NIV<\/jats:styled-content> methods. We evaluated the effectiveness and adverse effects of NIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010NAVA<\/jats:styled-content> after extubation in preterm infants <30\u00a0weeks of gestation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>This retrospective study involved patients who were born before 30\u00a0weeks of gestation. We mainly used NIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010NAVA<\/jats:styled-content> or nasal intermittent positive\u2010pressure ventilation (NIPPV<\/jats:styled-content>) for preterm infants as the NIV<\/jats:styled-content> after extubation and compared these two groups. The primary outcome was treatment failure. The secondary outcomes were extubation failure and adverse events. Treatment failure was defined as a change of NIV<\/jats:styled-content> (NIPPV<\/jats:styled-content> was switched to NIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010NAVA<\/jats:styled-content>, or NIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010NAVA<\/jats:styled-content> was switched to NIPPV<\/jats:styled-content>) or reintubation \u22647\u00a0days after extubation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Fifteen patients were in the NIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010NAVA<\/jats:styled-content> group, and 19 were in the NIPPV<\/jats:styled-content> group. The gestational age of the NIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010NAVA<\/jats:styled-content> group was younger than that of the NIPPV<\/jats:styled-content> group (25.7 \u00b1 2.4\u00a0weeks vs 27.3 \u00b1 1.8\u00a0weeks). Treatment failure occurred in six cases (40%) in the NIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010NAVA<\/jats:styled-content> group and in nine cases (47.4%) in the NIPPV<\/jats:styled-content> group, and no significant difference was demonstrated. No significant difference in adverse events was noted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>NIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010NAVA<\/jats:styled-content> has advantages compared with NIPPV<\/jats:styled-content> as the NIV<\/jats:styled-content> for premature infants after extubation. NIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010NAVA<\/jats:styled-content> can also be used safely without a significant difference in the rate of complications compared with NIPPV<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.13680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,22]],"date-time":"2018-08-22T16:32:33Z","timestamp":1534955553000},"page":"957-961","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Non\u2010invasive neurally adjusted ventilatory assist versus nasal intermittent positive\u2010pressure ventilation in preterm infants born before 30 weeks\u2019 gestation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Kousuke","family":"Yonehara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology Nagano Children's Hospital Azumino, Nagano Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4438-0001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryo","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology Nagano Children's Hospital Azumino, Nagano Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiya","family":"Kamei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology Nagano Children's Hospital Azumino, Nagano Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arata","family":"Oda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Turku University Hospital Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayo","family":"Kokubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology Nagano Children's Hospital Azumino, Nagano Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takehiko","family":"Hiroma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology Nagano Children's Hospital Azumino, Nagano Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3260-5891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomohiko","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology Nagano Children's Hospital Azumino, Nagano Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"CD003212","article-title":"Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for preterm neonates after extubation","author":"Davis PG","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. 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