{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T22:45:28Z","timestamp":1793400328112,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,7]],"date-time":"2019-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["26560272"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26560272"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In order to effectively improve motor function, a sound understanding of one's body \u2013 for example, relative spatial position, relationships, names and functions of body parts \u2013 is essential. The aim of this study was to explore how children with congenital lower limb deficiency (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LLD<\/jats:styled-content>) perceive their bodies, particularly their legs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six children with congenital <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LLD<\/jats:styled-content> and 14 controls, aged 5\u201312\u00a0years, were recruited for this study. They drew self\u2010portraits and answered questions about names of body parts. These body part\u2010related questions consisted of a production test, in which an examiner pointed to body parts on each child and asked the child to name them, and a comprehension test, in which the examiner mentioned body parts and asked the child to point to them on their own body.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No differences were found between the self\u2010portraits of children with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LLD<\/jats:styled-content> and those of the control children. In the verbal tests, children with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LLD<\/jats:styled-content> responded correctly at lower rates to questions on body trunk, upper limbs, arms, hands and feet than the control children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LLD<\/jats:styled-content> have diminished lexical\u2013semantic body knowledge of the upper limbs and feet compared with children without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LLD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.13757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]],"date-time":"2018-12-19T12:38:42Z","timestamp":1545223122000},"page":"158-165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Body knowledge in children with congenital lower limb deficiency"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2821-1083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Mano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Tokyo Hospital Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sayaka","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Tokyo Hospital Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7806-7641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nobuhiko","family":"Haga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Tokyo Hospital Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Graduate School of Medicine University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37240"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-14-323"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1995.tb11292.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-2195-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-003-0490-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199601000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.79B1.6602"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200012000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2007.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-200109000-00039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.9.1603"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/120.9.1603"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.25.1.69"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2014.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03093640008726518"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/F0G2-GW5C-4WG0-KBWL"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-197112000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0882-5963(96)80094-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/11147-000"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3200\/GNTP.166.1.77-93"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","first-page":"222","article-title":"Comparing the drawings of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with normal children","volume":"9","author":"Haghighi M","year":"2014","journal-title":"Iran. 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