{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:52:49Z","timestamp":1747187569621,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,30]],"date-time":"2019-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":29,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H29\u2010Shinko\u2010Ippan\u2010002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H29\u2010Shinko\u2010Ippan\u2010002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Few studies have characterized the clinical manifestations of delayed antibiotic hypersensitivity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AH<\/jats:styled-content>) diagnosed using objective methods. The lymphocyte transformation test (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LTT<\/jats:styled-content>) is a reproducible method to diagnose type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> hypersensitivity. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the characteristics of delayed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AH<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosed on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LTT<\/jats:styled-content> in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who were evaluated for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AH<\/jats:styled-content> using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LTT<\/jats:styled-content> at National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, from 2002 to 2014. We extracted patient demographics, type and duration of antibiotics, and clinical characteristics from the medical records. Clinical manifestations were compared between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LTT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010positive and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LTT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010negative cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy\u2010five cases for which 101 drugs were tested were included in this study. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LTT<\/jats:styled-content> was positive against 34 drugs in 26 cases. Median age was 5\u00a0years (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQR<\/jats:styled-content>, 1\u20139\u00a0years), and 49% of patients had underlying disease. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LTT<\/jats:styled-content> was performed at a median of 18\u00a0days (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQR<\/jats:styled-content>, 4\u201359\u00a0days) after the suspected episode. The median number of days from the initiation of therapy to the onset of symptoms was 4. Rash was the most common manifestation (89%). Fever (&gt;38\u00b0C) was observed in 20 cases (27%). Onset of fever preceded the rash in nine cases (45%), appeared simultaneously in five (25%), appeared afterwards in four (20%), and was unknown in two (10%). Fever was an independent factor associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AH<\/jats:styled-content> when comparing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LTT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010positive and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LTT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010negative cases (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>, 3.61; 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.03\u201312.64).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fever was a common presenting symptom of delayed AH in children aged \u226418\u00a0years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.13937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,3]],"date-time":"2019-07-03T07:34:52Z","timestamp":1562139292000},"page":"951-955","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Fever as a predictor of positive lymphocyte transformation test"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0210-7843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eiki","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Medical Specialties National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7164-0262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kensuke","family":"Shoji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Medical Specialties National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isao","family":"Miyairi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Medical Specialties National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2013.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2321"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199411103311906"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02904.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2004.00678.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2007.01553.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.1995.tb00149.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"95","article-title":"Cutaneous adverse drug reactions: Clinical pattern and causative agents: A 6\u00a0year series from Chandigarh, India","volume":"47","author":"Sharma VK","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. 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