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Despite major advances in perinatal and neonatal medicine, limited progress has been made in reducing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPD<\/jats:styled-content> rates. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSC<\/jats:styled-content>) is a promising and innovative therapy for several diseases because they are easy to extract and they have low immunogenicity, anti\u2010inflammatory properties, and regenerative ability. According to several pre\u2010clinical studies that have used <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPD<\/jats:styled-content> animal models, one mechanism of action for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSC<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPD<\/jats:styled-content> is mainly due to the paracrine effects of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010derived humoral factors, such as interleukin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>)\u20106, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20108, vascular endothelial growth factor, collagen, and elastin, rather than the multilineage and regenerative capacities of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSC<\/jats:styled-content>. Cell\u2010free preparations derived from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSC<\/jats:styled-content>, including conditioned media and exosomes, remain a pre\u2010clinical technology despite their great clinical potential. A first\u2010in\u2010human clinical trial of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSC<\/jats:styled-content> treatment for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPD<\/jats:styled-content> was performed as a phase I dose\u2010escalation trial using umbilical cord blood\u2010derived <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSC<\/jats:styled-content>. That trial demonstrated the short\u2010 and long\u2010term safety and feasibility of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSC<\/jats:styled-content>, given that significantly reduced inflammatory marker expression was observed in tracheal aspirates. As of recently, several clinical trials of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSC<\/jats:styled-content> use for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPD<\/jats:styled-content> are ongoing or are planned in some countries to investigate the efficacy of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSC<\/jats:styled-content> in the prevention or treatment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPD<\/jats:styled-content> in premature infants. Many clinicians are currently awaiting the results from these trials so that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSC<\/jats:styled-content> can be used clinically for human <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.14001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]],"date-time":"2019-09-05T15:24:17Z","timestamp":1567697057000},"page":"945-950","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Mesenchymal stem cells for the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6137-4477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fumihiko","family":"Namba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Saitama Medical Center Saitama Medical University Kawagoe Saitama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196702162760701"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199912000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(98)90280-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.7.2011060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2009.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5411.143"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.02932"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"154","article-title":"Biological properties of mesenchymal stem cells from different sources","volume":"2","author":"Via AG","year":"2012","journal-title":"Muscles Ligaments Tendons J."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00560"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/583984"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240600855905"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1818"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1574888X11666170907120030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/revneuro-2017-0018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0195891"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19092783"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl17035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203318768889"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2017.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1573396314666180911100503"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2013.176"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2012-202323"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2045-8932.97603"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200902-0179OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-014-9583-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2012.00359"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2013.5784"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2541"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","first-page":"985814","article-title":"The role of microvesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells in lung diseases","volume":"2015","author":"Chen J","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed. 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