{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T04:10:51Z","timestamp":1768277451775,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,19]],"date-time":"2020-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) has recently been used in preterm infants with respiratory distress as an alternative to nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) because, theoretically, BiPAP is thought to be more effective than nCPAP. However, the results of some studies comparing nCPAP with BiPAP as the initial respiratory support were controversial. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical effectiveness and safety of nCPAP with BiPAP at gestational ages of 30<jats:sup>+0<\/jats:sup> to 34<jats:sup>+6<\/jats:sup>\u00a0weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 93 infants with gestational ages of 30<jats:sup>+0<\/jats:sup> to 34<jats:sup>+6<\/jats:sup>\u00a0weeks, who presented with respiratory distress within 24\u00a0h after birth, were randomized to the nCPAP group or the BiPAP group. The primary outcome was the incidence of treatment failure with these two non\u2010invasive respiratory support devices. Criteria for treatment failure included any of the following: respiratory acidosis (PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> &gt;65\u00a0mmHg with pH &lt;7.2), hypoxia (FiO2 &gt;0.4), or apnea (&gt;2\u20133 episodes of apnea\/h).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no statistically significant difference in treatment failure between the two groups (<jats:italic>P <\/jats:italic>= 0.576). The risk difference comparing treatment failure rate between nCPAP and BiPAP groups was \u22124.7% (95% CI: \u221221.5\u201311.9).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nasal continuous positive airway pressure is not inferior to BiPAP as an initial management of respiratory distress in these premature infants. We therefore conclude that nCPAP can be used as an initial management for preterm infants at gestational age of between 30 and 35\u00a0weeks as a substitute for BiPAP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.14061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,25]],"date-time":"2019-11-25T13:51:26Z","timestamp":1574689886000},"page":"59-64","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Effectiveness of nCPAP for moderate preterm infants compared to BiPAP: A Randomized, Controlled Non\u2010Inferiority Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2663-8083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mi\u2010Ji","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Korea University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eui Kyung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Korea University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyu Hee","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Korea University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeonghee","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Korea University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Byung Min","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Korea University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.7.2011060"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68615-7"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"CD000143","article-title":"Nasal continuous positive airways pressure immediately after extubation for preventing morbidity in preterm infants","author":"Davis PG","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. 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