{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T16:16:58Z","timestamp":1759335418176,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]],"date-time":"2020-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":33,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ethanol lock therapy (ELT) has been performed for the purpose of preserving central venous catheters (CVC) in central venous catheter\u2010related blood stream infection (CRBSI), but evidence for its effectiveness is not established. We conducted a multicenter, prospective study on the ELT protocol to ascertain its safety and effectiveness against CRBSI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The subjects were patients aged over 1\u00a0year with potential for developing CRBSI who had long\u2010term indwelling silicone CVCs. After culturing the catheterized blood, a 70% ethanol lock was performed daily for 2\u20134\u00a0h for 7\u00a0days. The effectiveness rate of ELT for single and multiple courses, the presence or absence of relapse of CRBSI within 4\u00a0weeks of treatment, and whether the CVC could be salvaged after\u00a04\u00a0weeks were examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From September 2014 to August 2018, 49 cases from six hospitals were enrolled in the study. Catheter blockage was seen in one case and the CVC was removed. A single course of ELT was effective in episodes 88% (42\/48). In the remaining three episodes that failed after a single course of ELT, a second ELT was performed; however, all were ineffective. In episodes 93% (40\/42), no CRBSI relapse was seen up to 4\u00a0weeks after the end of treatment. In episodes 84% (41\/49), the catheter could be preserved for 4\u00a0weeks or more after the end of treatment. Facial flushing was seen in two cases as an adverse event; however, this was transient and soon disappeared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>ELT is effective for 88% of CRBSI and 84% of catheters can be salvaged; therefore, this protocol is considered useful. Trial registration: UMIN000013677.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.14096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]],"date-time":"2019-12-16T08:49:53Z","timestamp":1576486193000},"page":"379-385","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Ethanol lock therapy in pediatric patients: A multicenter prospective study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1241-509X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahiro","family":"Chiba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery Department of Surgery Showa University Hospital Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeo","family":"Yonekura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Kindai University School of Medicine Nara Hospital Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatsuru","family":"Kaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Research Field in Medicine and Health Sciences Medical and Dental Sciences Area, Research and Education Assembly Kagoshima University Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shintaro","family":"Amae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sendai Ekoh Medical and Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities Miyagi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuko","family":"Tazuke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Osaka Medical Center for Maternal and Child Health and Research Institute Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitsugu","family":"Oowari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hiranowakabakai Hospital Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuko","family":"Obana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Saitama Medical University Medicine Hospital Saitama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miwako","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Saitama City Hospital Saitama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tasuo","family":"Kuroda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kouzi","family":"Fukumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Shizuoka Children\u2019s Hospital Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Yamane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Nagasaki University Hospital Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Yoshino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Akita University Graduate School of Medicine Akita Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatsuzo","family":"Hebiguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shonan Fujisawa Tokushukai Hospital Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Toki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Totsuka Kyoritsu Dai\u2010ni Hospital Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2012.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/599376"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Bloodstream infection event (central line\u2010associated bloodstream infection and non\u2010central line\u2010associated bloodstream infection). (Accessed 2018 May 24). Available from:http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nhsn\/PDFs\/pscManual\/4PSC_CLABScurrent.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043426-200308000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2003.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.160.10.1049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0b013e318219267c"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piv060"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30224-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2016.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2006.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-140-1-200401060-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000331262"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028015569881"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-017-4168-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2014.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-007-0606-2"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fped.14096","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ped.14096","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ped.14096","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ped.14096","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T20:07:28Z","timestamp":1694030848000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ped.14096"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ped.14096"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ped.14096","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1328-8067","1442-200X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1328-8067"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1442-200X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-06-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-04-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}