{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T15:52:31Z","timestamp":1787932351602,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Palivizumab is a prophylactic drug used for severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in young children with high\u2010risk factors, such as prematurity and congenital heart diseases. Although Japan expanded the use of palivizumab for Down syndrome (DS) in 2013 regardless of additional high\u2010risk factors, there is not enough evidence to support its use. We analyzed health insurance claim data from the JMDC (Tokyo, Japan) to investigate the prescription pattern and efficacy of palivizumab in children with DS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We enrolled children of \u226424\u00a0months of age with DS at the start of the RSV epidemic season (2007\u20132015). We compared the risk of RSV\u2010related admission with and without palivizumab prophylaxis using mixed effects logistic regression models accounting for patient\u2010level clustering.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 632 children, 30% (81\/268) and 83% (303\/364) received palivizumab before and after the expanded program (2007\u20132012 and 2013\u20132015), respectively. Among children with DS but without additional high\u2010risk factors (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 135), palivizumab use surged from 0% (0\/62) to 73% (53\/73). In the whole study population, RSV\u2010related hospitalization occurred in 4.2% (16\/384) patients with prophylaxis and 6.0% (15\/248) patients without prophylaxis. The multivariate analysis revealed that palivizumab was associated with reduced RSV\u2010related hospitalization (odds ratio: 0.41, 95% confidence interval: 0.18\u20130.92,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.03).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Virtually all children with DS in Japan have now received palivizumab, the use of which was associated with a reduction in RSV\u2010related hospitalization in DS. Further evidence is required to clarify whether palivizumab prophylaxis should be risk\u2010tailored or universal for DS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.14157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,21]],"date-time":"2020-01-21T05:57:13Z","timestamp":1579586233000},"page":"677-682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Utilization and efficacy of palivizumab for children with Down syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Kimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacoepidemiology Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masato","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacoepidemiology Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7477-4071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koji","family":"Kawakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacoepidemiology Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60206-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0804877"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-014-0046-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-1666"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","unstructured":"Public Health England[homepage on the internet].Respiratory syncytial virus: the green book chapter 27a [Cited 22 July 2019]. Available from:http:\/\/www.health.gov.on.ca\/en\/pro\/programs\/drugs\/funded_drug\/pdf\/rsv_info.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/20.6.321"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jms.9.1.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-0225"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Long Term Care O Canada[homepage on the internet].Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prophylaxis for high\u2010risk infants program (Program) 2017\u20132018[cited 22 April 2019]. Available from:http:\/\/www.health.gov.on.ca\/en\/pro\/programs\/drugs\/funded_drug\/pdf\/rsv_info.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2014.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12431"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40272-017-0264-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20090066"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-013-0104-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-015-0734-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200x.2005.02099.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"531","article-title":"Epidemiology study of risk factors of severe respiratory syncytial virus infectious disease in children with Down syndrome using medical records","volume":"38","author":"Nomoto K","year":"2018","journal-title":"Progress Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3916"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-018-3142-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000019"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fped.14157","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ped.14157","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ped.14157","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ped.14157","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T09:56:46Z","timestamp":1693994206000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ped.14157"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ped.14157"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ped.14157","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1328-8067","1442-200X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1328-8067","type":"print"},{"value":"1442-200X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-05-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-15","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}