{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T14:04:53Z","timestamp":1779890693899,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":29,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS), a group of inherited metabolic disorders characterized by the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans, can be diagnosed early through newborn screening programs. Establishing newborn screening in Morocco is a challenging task for multiple economic and social reasons. Screening in a Moroccan population using 1,9\u2010dimethylmethylene blue urinary glycosaminoglycan (GAG) assays may allow for an earlier diagnosis of MPS. We studied the feasibility of implementing screening in Moroccan children as an alternative to national newborn screening. We determined the reference ranges for GAGs in the Moroccan population, their stability during transport, the effectiveness of this test as a screening procedure for MPS in patients, and its use as a screening test for MPS in the Imssouane region, where the rate of consanguineous marriage is 38%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using dimethylmethylene blue assays, urine samples of 47 MPS patients were analyzed, together with urine samples from healthy controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 368, age ranging from 1\u00a0month to 25\u00a0years), and from Imssouane region children (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 350, age ranging from 6\u00a0months to 24\u00a0month). Precision, linearity, recovery, limits, and stability were tested.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Urinary GAGs reference values are age and ethnicity dependent. The validation parameters established displayed great precision and accuracy leading to recoveries according to internationally accepted values for bioanalytical methods. Urinary GAGs were stable for a maximum of 7\u00a0weeks at 40 \u00b0C. Screening of Imssouane children resulted in the detection of a 6\u2010month\u2010old child, diagnosed with MPS I<jats:bold>.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results demonstrate the usefulness of quantifying glycosaminoglycans for early screening of MPS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.14278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T16:07:53Z","timestamp":1588349273000},"page":"1077-1085","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Usefulness of urinary glycosaminoglycans assay for a mucopolysaccharidosis\u2010specific screening"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Es\u2010Said","family":"Sabir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolics Platform Biochemistry Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Cadi Ayad University Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karima","family":"Lafhal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolics Platform Biochemistry Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Cadi Ayad University Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aicha","family":"Ezoubeiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Biology Laboratory \u2013 Biochemistry Unit Ibn Tofail Hospital CHU Mohamed VI of Marrakech Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imane","family":"Harkati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Biology Laboratory \u2013 Biochemistry Unit Ibn Tofail Hospital CHU Mohamed VI of Marrakech Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Safia","family":"Sbyea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolics Platform Biochemistry Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Cadi Ayad University Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Ald\u00e1miz\u2010Echevarr\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolomics Platform Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute Clinical Linked Group to CIBER of Rare Diseases (CIBERER) Barakaldo Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolomics Platform Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute Clinical Linked Group to CIBER of Rare Diseases (CIBERER) Barakaldo Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Ait Babram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and Technology Cadi Ayad University Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fadl Mrabih Rabou","family":"Maoulainine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Department Team for Childhood, Health and Development Marrakesh Faculty of Medicine Mohammed VI University Hospital and Research Cadi Ayad University Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghizlane","family":"Draiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics A Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed VI University Hospital Cadi Ayad University Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noureddine","family":"Rada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics A Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed VI University Hospital Cadi Ayad University Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Bouskraoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics A Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed VI University Hospital Cadi Ayad University Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdallah","family":"Karim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Semlalia Cadi Ayad University Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3312-9778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naima","family":"Fdil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolics Platform Biochemistry Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Cadi Ayad University Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease","author":"McKusick VA","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"3421","volume-title":"The Metabolic Basis of Inherited 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