{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T02:37:04Z","timestamp":1783478224778,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,27]],"date-time":"2021-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>We previously developed the Japanese version of The Quality of Life Assessment of Spina Bifida in Teenagers, a health\u2010related quality\u2010of\u2010life instrument specific to children aged 13\u201317\u00a0years with spina bifida (SB). The Quality of Life Assessment of Spina Bifida in Children is a version of this questionnaire for children aged 8\u201312\u00a0years. The purpose of this study was to develop a Japanese version of the Quality of Life Assessment of Spina Bifida in Children (QUALAS\u2010C\u2010J) and verify its reliability and validity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three urologists specializing in SB, 2 nurses, and 1 statistician developed the QUALAS\u2010C\u2010J and conducted a pilot and main survey. Participants included children with SB and non\u2010disabled (ND) children. Participants completed the QUALAS\u2010C\u2010J and the Japanese version of KIDSCREEN\u201027 (J\u2010KIDSCREEN) without parental help.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five children with SB participated in the pilot study and provided face and content validity. Sixty\u2010three children with SB and 40 age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched ND children participated in the main survey. The intraclass correlation coefficient in the retest was 0.80, and Cronbach's alpha in each domain was 0.73. The validity was verified by factor analysis, convergent \/ divergent validity, and known\u2010groups validity. Factor analysis converged to the same two\u2010factor structure as the original version. The correlation between QUALAS\u2010C\u2010J and J\u2010KIDSCREEN\u201027 was weak (r=\u22120.06\u20100.30). The scores of both groups for the two domains of the QUALAS\u2010C\u2010J were significantly lower in SB than ND children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>QUALAS\u2010C\u2010J is easy to answer, suitable for Japanese children with SB, reliable, and valid. It can be a communication tool for children with SB, medical staff, families, communities, and school teachers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.14416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,3]],"date-time":"2020-08-03T21:15:24Z","timestamp":1596489324000},"page":"423-429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Development and Validation of the Japanese Version of Quality of Life Assessment of Spina Bifida in Children (QUALAS\u2010C\u2010J)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2521-2574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tae","family":"Kawahara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Health Sciences Departments of Pediatric and Family Nursing Graduate School of Medicine Osaka University Suita Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshifumi","family":"Sugita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kobe Children's Hospital Kobe Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Momose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Japan Community Health\u2010care Organization Hoshigaoka Medical Center Hirakata Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konrad M.","family":"Szymanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Urology Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9381-2013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eisuke","family":"Hida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Data Science Graduate School of Medicine Osaka University Suita Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8564-1039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akemi","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Health Sciences Departments of Pediatric and Family Nursing Graduate School of Medicine Osaka University Suita Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20180014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"107","volume-title":"Identity and Function","author":"Hatano K","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Clinical and environmental predictors of health\u2010related quality of life in Lithuanian children and adolescents with spina bifida: a cross\u2010sectional analysis of a nationally represented sample","volume":"54","author":"Bakaniene I","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. 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