{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T08:04:11Z","timestamp":1773907451077,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hemorrhoids are an extremely rare condition in children, and data on its incidence and treatment in the pediatric population remains scarce. We retrospectively reviewed children who underwent sclerotherapy for internal hemorrhoids, and analyzed patients' characteristics and outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 14 pediatric patients who underwent sclerotherapy were included. Patients' ages and the required amount of polidocanol, depending on the grade of hemorrhoids, and the correlation between age and volume of sclerosant, were statistically analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients had a male predominance with a ratio of 2.5:1 (grade 2:6 patients, grade 3:8 patients). Four children had underlying conditions including portal hypertension and Klippel\u2013Trenaunay syndrome. Of the 14 patients, 43% had constipation requiring medication or enema. Only one minor complication, a perianal ulceration, was found to be associated with sclerotherapy. Patients with grade 3 hemorrhoids required a significantly larger amount of polidocanol than those with grade 2 hemorrhoids. Two patients with grade 3 hemorrhoids required a second session of treatment for recurrence. The success rate of sclerotherapy with polidocanol was 86%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sclerotherapy with polidocanol is a safe, effective, and less invasive treatment option for internal hemorrhoids in children. Further studies are needed to investigate this treatment approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.14506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T21:49:15Z","timestamp":1602539355000},"page":"813-817","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Efficacy and safety of sclerotherapy with polidocanol in children with internal hemorrhoids"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4096-4990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgery Department of Surgical Specialties National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Tokai University School of Medicine Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michinobu","family":"Ohno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgery Department of Surgical Specialties National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazunori","family":"Tahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgery Department of Surgical Specialties National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kotaro","family":"Tomonaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgery Department of Surgical Specialties National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsuhiro","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgery Department of Surgical Specialties National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiko","family":"Takezoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgery Department of Surgical Specialties National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasushi","family":"Fuchimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgery Department of Surgical Specialties National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2987-5081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akihiro","family":"Fujino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgery Department of Surgical Specialties National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7609-0426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yutaka","family":"Kanamori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgery Department of Surgical Specialties National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90828-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-010-4386-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v8.i20.844"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-013-1729-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-007-3582-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"1319","volume-title":"Pediatric Surgery","author":"Coran AG","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"1456","volume-title":"Pediatric Surgery","author":"O'Neil JA","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(92)90377-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800800524"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"118","volume-title":"Surgery of the anus, rectum and colon","author":"Jc G","year":"1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2006.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)72752-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"325","article-title":"Survey of methods of treatment of haemorrhoids and complications of injection sclerotherapy","volume":"83","author":"Al\u2010Ghnaniem R","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. 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Engl."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3862\/jcoloproctology.52.1065"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(77)90445-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"Sclerotherapy of haemorrhoids: a prospective randomised trial of polidocanol and phenol in oil","volume":"17","author":"Akerud L","year":"1995","journal-title":"Coloproctology."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"ALTA injection sclerosing therapy:non\u2010excisional treatment of internal hemorrhoids","volume":"59","author":"Miyamoto H","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3862\/jcoloproctology.60.327"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"A case of ALTA therapy for the hemorrhoidal bleeding of junior high school boy with severe anemia","volume":"7","author":"Ohsawa TTY","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rynsho. Komonbyo. Gaku."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","first-page":"836","article-title":"Successful outcome of ALTA sclerotherapy in two pediatric cases","volume":"49","author":"Terashima SKM","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Jpn. Soc. Pediatr.. 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