{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T04:29:56Z","timestamp":1793507396121,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":180,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16gk0110008h0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16gk0110008h0002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Screening using dipstick urinalysis has long been performed in 3\u2010year\u2010old children; however, it is ineffective in detecting congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Measurement of the urinary \u03b22\u2010microglobulin (\u03b22MG)\/creatinine (Cr) ratio may be more effective for this purpose. Analysis of dried urine spots (DUS) on filter paper is suitable for mass screening since operational costs are low and samples are easy to collect and transport. We examined the accuracy of measuring the urinary \u03b22MG\/Cr ratio in DUS on filter paper.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We collected 2,623 urine samples from 3\u2010year\u2010old children. \u03b22MG and Cr levels were measured in DUS on filter paper. We examined the correlation between the \u03b22MG\/Cr ratios measured in DUS and using the conventional method in 640 samples using the coefficient of determination test. Children with high \u03b22MG\/Cr ratios (&gt;0.6\u2009\u00b5g\/mg Cr) in DUS samples were further examined to establish a definitive diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There was strong correlation between the two methods for determination of \u03b22MG levels (r\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.68;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and \u03b22MG\/Cr ratios (r\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.69;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Of the 2,623 children, 38 (1.45%) had \u03b22MG\/Cr ratios &gt;0.6. Thirty\u2010five children were subsequently examined, resulting in findings of renal hypodysplasia (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092, 0.08%), horseshoe kidney (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091, 0.04%), renal tubular dysfunction with hepatoblastoma (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091, 0.04%), data abnormality (high urine \u03b22MG level,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096, 0.23%; high serum Cr level,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091, 0.04%), and normal values (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200924, 0.91%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated a practical method for measuring \u03b22MG\/Cr ratios in DUS as a screening method to detect CAKUT in 3\u2010year\u2010old children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.15077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T22:23:28Z","timestamp":1638311008000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["\u03b22\u2010microglobulin measurement with dried urine spots for congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract screening in 3\u2010year\u2010old children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3965-9852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamaki","family":"Morohashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nihon University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naohiro","family":"Wada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Shizuoka Children's Hospital  Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakiko","family":"Odaira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo Health Service Association  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5962-4932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shoichi","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nihon University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shori","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Itabashi Central Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5685-2670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ichiro","family":"Morioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nihon University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfs611"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfu012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2016.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.4208"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12653"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2010.07.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000493683"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1646960"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00866292"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"2287","article-title":"Renal hypoplasia in children\u2010early diagnosis and prognosis based on surveillance","volume":"93","author":"Higashino H","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Jpn. Pediatr. Soc."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5980\/jpnjurol1989.81.583"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ped.15077","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ped.15077","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ped.15077","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T04:27:56Z","timestamp":1793507276000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ped.15077"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ped.15077"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ped.15077","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1328-8067","1442-200X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1328-8067","type":"print"},{"value":"1442-200X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-02-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-11-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e15077"}}