{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:42:14Z","timestamp":1753879334101,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,30]],"date-time":"2022-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":302,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although widely reported to affect older adults more, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) also affects adolescents, especially those with co\u2010morbidities, including heart diseases. The safety and efficacy of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) mRNA vaccines has been established in healthy adolescents, yet there are few data for humoral and cellular immunogenicity in adolescents with cardiac diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated anti\u2010spike antibodies, neutralizing activities, and interferon\u2010gamma production prior to and after SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 vaccination in adolescents with cardiac diseases and healthy controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five healthy adolescents and 26 patients with cardiac diseases, including congenital heart disease (CHD, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> =\u200910), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> =\u20094), idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> =\u20094), and those post\u2010heart transplantation (post\u2010HTx, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> =\u20098) were enrolled. No severe adverse events, including myocarditis and pericarditis, were noted, even in patients with severe heart failure. Febrile events were noted after 21 of 62 injections (34%). All the healthy adolescents and 21 of the 26 patients (81%) showed sufficient elevation of neutralizing antibodies after the second dose of vaccination. Neutralizing antibodies and cellular immunity were absent in four of the eight post\u2010HTx patients and one with single ventricle CHD. There was no correlation between the anti\u2010spike and neutralizing antibody titers and interferon\u2010gamma levels. When comparing the clinical characteristics of the patients post\u2010HTx who did or did not acquire antibodies, there was no significant difference in the immunosuppressant types and trough levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 mRNA vaccine has efficient immunogenicity for adolescents with CHD, IPAH, and DCM. Half of post\u2010HTx patients could not acquire sufficient humoral immunity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.15329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]],"date-time":"2022-08-11T16:35:51Z","timestamp":1660235751000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Immunogenicity of <scp>SARS\u2010CoV<\/scp>\u20102 vaccination in adolescents with cardiac disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Development and Medicine Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8792-0525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Narita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka 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