{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:01:07Z","timestamp":1791234067847,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]],"date-time":"2022-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":345,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Beta\u2010blockers have gradually become an attractive option for the treatment of infantile hemangiomas. Topical application is preferred to oral administration because of their potential systemic adverse effects. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of betaxolol in treating superficial infantile hemangioma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy\u2010four infants admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from 2018 to 2019 were observed and recorded. Variables such as color, size, tension, and thickness were recorded monthly and evaluated using visual analog scales. Multi\u2010factor analysis of variance with repeated measurements and the non\u2010parametric Kruskal\u2013Wallis H test were used to compare clinical effectiveness across the different groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After 6\u2009months of treatment, 33.78% (25\/74) showed excellent results, 55.41% (41\/74) had good responses, 8.11% (6\/74) had moderate responses, and 2.70% (2\/74) had poor responses. Local discomfort and systemic complications were not found. There was no significant difference in gender and location of occurrence among groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05), and the effect of topical application of betaxolol was optimum in the children aged 0\u20133\u2009months (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002). None of three age groups had statistically significant difference in heart rate and blood pressure after accepting treatment (1\u2009month, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.618; 4\u2009months, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.138; 6\u2009months, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.757).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study showed that topical administration of betaxolol was effective and well tolerated for superficial infantile hemangiomas, particularly in the early proliferative stage. However, its safety and efficacy need further research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.15384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T09:21:03Z","timestamp":1665566463000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Application of topical betaxolol to cure superficial infantile hemangioma: A pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1443-4769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chen\u2010xi","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery &amp; Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University School\/Hospital of Stomatology Xinjiang Medical University Stomatological Research Institute of Xinjiang Autonomous Region  Urumqi China"},{"name":"Laboratory for Tumor Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Neurology, the Head and Neurocenter University Hospital Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf (UKE)  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery &amp; 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