{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T16:26:18Z","timestamp":1759335978636,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,13]],"date-time":"2023-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":132,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many possible underlying causes can be seen in children with unexplained peripheral eosinophilia (UPE) with suspected pulmonary involvement. Here, we aimed to demonstrate the clinical characteristics and diagnoses of children evaluated for UPE who underwent diagnostic bronchoscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010one children who underwent diagnostic bronchoscopy for UPE between 2006\u20132018 were included. Demographic characteristics, bronchoscopy findings and final diagnosis, and treatments were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median age at the time of diagnosis was 5 (0.25\u201317.5) years. The final diagnoses of 26 patients were as follows: immunodeficiency (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a06); hyper\u2010IgE syndromes (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a04), DOCK8 deficiency\u2009+\u2009HES (idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01), and severe combined immunodeficiency (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01), HES (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a03), idiopathic chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (ICEP; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a03), idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01), B cell lymphoma (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01). In one child, an integrin \u03b13 mutation\u2009+\u2009cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia was detected. Congenital pneumonia was found in one patient, and parasitic infection in another. In two, eosinophilia was attributed to underlying asthma and atopy. In four, the underlying reasons could not be elucidated. Two children with HES and one with ICEP were lost to follow\u2010up. There was no significant relationship between the peripheral eosinophil count at the time of diagnosis and the percentage of bronchoalveolar lavage eosinophils (BAL). Bronchoscopy contributed to the management of 14 (53.9%) patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bronchoscopy has potential diagnostic contribution in patients with UPE suspected of having pulmonary involvement. Numerous various underlying causes may be present in this patient group. There is no relation between peripheral eosinophil count and BAL eosinophil percentage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.15421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]],"date-time":"2022-11-22T14:45:30Z","timestamp":1669128330000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The role of flexible bronchoscopy in the diagnostic pathway of children with unexplained peripheral eosinophilia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6922-4948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mina","family":"H\u0131zal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanem","family":"Eryilmaz Polat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1405-8401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nagehan","family":"Emiralio\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6209-196X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guzin","family":"Cinel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ebru","family":"Yalcin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deniz","family":"Dogru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ugur","family":"Ozcelik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nural","family":"Kiper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pulmonology Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara 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