{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T18:53:21Z","timestamp":1784919201677,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":263,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the demographics, clinical characteristics, risk factors, and antibiotic resistance of pediatric community\u2010acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by extended\u2010spectrum beta\u2010lactamase (ESBL)\u2010producing and non\u2010ESBL\u2010producing uropathogens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia, among children aged between 0 and 14\u2009years, with a culture\u2010proven diagnosis of community\u2010acquired UTI between February 2019 and September 2021. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether or not their UTI was caused by ESBL\u2010producing bacteria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 383 patients with community\u2010acquired UTI were evaluated. <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> was detected in 72.6% of cultures. Extended\u2010spectrum beta\u2010lactamase\u2010producing organisms were responsible for 35.7% of UTI episodes. Of these 69% and 31% were caused by <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to clinical presentation or urine analysis. The resistance rates in the ESBL\u2010producing group were 39.4% for amoxicillin\/clavulanic acid, 65.7% for ciprofloxacin, 72.3% for co\u2010trimoxazole, 32.8% for nitrofurantoin, 21.2% for gentamicin, and 0.7% for amikacin and carbapenems. In the non\u2010ESBL\u2010producing group, it was 22.4% for amoxicillin\/clavulanic acid, 22.4% for ciprofloxacin, 38.2% for co\u2010trimoxazole, 23.6% for nitrofurantoin, 6.1% for gentamicin, and zero for amikacin and carbapenems. The presence of renal abnormalities (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014) and male gender (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.026) were determined to be independent risk factors for ESBL UTIs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recognizing risk factors and antibiotic resistance for ESBL\u2010producing bacteria may aid in tailoring an antibiotic regimen for pediatric patients at high risk of ESBL\u2010UTIs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.15620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T04:48:51Z","timestamp":1695358131000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Pediatric community acquired urinary tract infections due to extended\u2010spectrum beta\u2010lactamase versus non\u2010extended\u2010spectrum beta\u2010lactamase producing bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6098-0704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed A.","family":"Alsubaie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz University  Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah Z.","family":"Alsuheili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz University  Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed N.","family":"Aljehani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz University  Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman A.","family":"Alothman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz University  Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulaziz S.","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz University  Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamza A.","family":"Mohammedfadel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz University  Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abeer A.","family":"Alnajjar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz University  Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.1181"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/318850"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000152092.03931.9a"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"Sc04","article-title":"Paediatric urinary tract infection: a hospital based experience","volume":"10","author":"Wani KA","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.4.933-951.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(08)70041-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01690090"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2013.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.1.1-14.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2009.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm310"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3026851"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.13911"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.3.1089-1094.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.103.4.843"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(03)00009-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","unstructured":"WayneP.Clinical and laboratory standards institute. 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