{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:41:08Z","timestamp":1753879268736,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":325,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In infants born weighing \u2264500\u2009g, little has been studied about the association between neurodevelopmental prognosis and growth. This study aimed to evaluate the association between neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) and <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010scores of physical measurements in infants born weighing \u2264500\u2009g.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A single\u2010center, retrospective cohort study in a level IV neonatal intensive care unit in Japan. Infants born weighing \u2264500\u2009g between 2010 and 2019 were eligible. <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2010scores in weight, length\/height, and head circumference at birth, due date (or discharge), 6 and 18\u2009months of corrected age, and 3\u2009years of age were compared between infants with and without NDI at 3\u2009years of age. Three infants with severe intraventricular hemorrhage or periventricular leukomalacia were excluded from the comparison analyses. NDI was defined as having a developmental quotient of \u226470, cerebral palsy, visual impairment, or hearing impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 22 eligible infants, the incidence of NDI at 3\u2009years of age was 54.5%. The <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score was significantly smaller in the NDI group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910) than that in the non\u2010NDI group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20099) in head circumference at birth (median, \u22121.94 vs. \u22120.75; <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.54; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.020), and in height at 18\u2009months of corrected age (median, \u22122.84 vs. \u22121.79; <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.58; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.013) and 3\u2009years of age (median, \u22122.02 vs. \u22121.21; <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.47; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.046).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>NDI at 3\u2009years of age was associated with a small head circumference <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score at birth, height at 18\u2009months of corrected age, and height at 3\u2009years of age in infants born weighing \u2264500\u2009g.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.15689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]],"date-time":"2023-11-24T00:22:28Z","timestamp":1700785348000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neurodevelopment and physical measurements in infants with birthweight of 500 grams or less"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3245-0906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryo","family":"Itoshima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology Nagano Children's Hospital  Azumino Japan"},{"name":"Life Science Research Center Nagano Children's Hospital  Azumino Japan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Turku  Turku 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