{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:57:34Z","timestamp":1790913454186,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":286,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019269","name":"Morinaga Milk Industry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Human milk banks (HMBs) face challenges in minimizing the disposal of donated human milk (HM). One of the primary reasons for HM disposal in HMBs is samples exceeding the upper limit for the total bacterial count. Pre\u2010expression breast cleaning with tap water is mandated in the guidelines for HMBs as a key hygiene practice for reducing the amount of disposed HM. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of breast cleaning with slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) for reducing HM contamination at the pre\u2010expression stage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty\u2010six mothers whose donated HMs did not meet HMB bacterial standards, despite pump changes and intensive hygiene instructions, were included. Over 3\u2009weeks, participants sprayed their breast surfaces with SAEW before expression. Bacterial counts and macronutrients in HM expressed with and without SAEW were compared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The total bacterial count in HM decreased significantly from 2.9\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                      colony\u2010forming units (CFU)\/mL to 2.3\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009CFU\/mL when SAEW was used. The prevalence of mothers whose HM exceeded the bacterial standard decreased from 84.6% to 10% with SAEW use. However, no reduction in spore\u2010forming bacteria, such as\n                      <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus,<\/jats:italic>\n                      was found in this study. In addition, no significant changes in macronutrients or adverse skin reactions were observed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of SAEW for breast cleaning could be an effective and safe hygiene solution for minimizing the need to discard valuable donated HM, especially for donors whose bacterial counts remained high despite hygiene instructions provided by HMB staff.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.70223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T13:40:19Z","timestamp":1760449219000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Usefulness of donor breast sterilization with slightly acidic electrolyzed water to reduce bacterial count in human milk"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3864-9153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kumiko","family":"Miura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Nippon Foundation Human Milk Bank  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Oita University  Yufu\u2010shi Oita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miori","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Nippon Foundation Human Milk Bank  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kasumi","family":"Takayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Nippon Foundation Human Milk Bank  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mizuho","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Nippon Foundation Human Milk Bank  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noriko","family":"Mizuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Japan Human Milk Bank Association  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6983-8851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katsumi","family":"Mizuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Nippon Foundation Human Milk Bank  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Japan Human Milk Bank Association  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Showa University of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmaa014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-3123"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/wvn.12410"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.70.2.F141"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1574-6976.12030"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-1687"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13131"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","first-page":"441","volume-title":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","author":"Springer S","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2016.31.11.1775"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","volume-title":"Best practice for expressing, storing and handling human Milk in hospitals, homes, and child care settings","author":"Jones F","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000452821"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","unstructured":"Japan Human Milk Bank Association.The operating standard of a donor human milk bank.2018Japan Human Milk Bank Association; 2018 [cited 2024 Oct 22]. 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