{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:58:28Z","timestamp":1790913508464,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":320,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to assess the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and compare anxiety and depression symptom levels between children with and without duodenogastric reflux (DGR), all presenting with similar gastrointestinal (GI) complaints.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This cross\u2010sectional, case\u2013control study included 109 children aged 8\u201317\u2009years with dyspeptic symptoms who underwent upper GI endoscopy at a tertiary care hospital. The DGR group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200954) and the control group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200955) were assessed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School\u2010Age Children \u2013 Present and Lifetime Version (K\u2010SADS\u2010PL), along with the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and the State\u2013Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI\u2010C). Statistical analyses included group comparisons and logistic regression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Psychiatric disorders were identified in 48.1% of children with DGR, compared to 20% in the control group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002). Anxiety disorders were significantly more prevalent in the DGR group (40.7% vs. 10.9%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), corresponding to a 5.41\u2010fold increased risk in logistic regression analysis. Mean scores on both the STAI\u2010C and CDI were significantly higher in the DGR group, indicating more severe anxiety and depressive symptoms (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Furthermore, DGR was more frequently observed in children with younger mothers, a parental history of psychiatric illness, maternal unemployment, and divorced parents.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is the first study to demonstrate a significant association between pediatric DGR and psychiatric disorders. These findings underscore the importance of routine psychiatric assessment in the clinical management of pediatric DGR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.70263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T11:44:41Z","timestamp":1763379881000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Psychiatric comorbidity in children with duodenogastric reflux: Association with anxiety and depression levels"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0143-3890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Halenur","family":"Teke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Ankara T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1885-6611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selcuk","family":"Teke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Ankara T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2550-6992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehri","family":"Durak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Ankara T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3689-6852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasin Maruf","family":"Ergen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Ankara T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3165-3234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edibe Gozde","family":"Basaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Ankara T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0107-4699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melike","family":"Arslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Ankara T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3954-6428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Coskun Firat","family":"Ozkececi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Ankara T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2880-2446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Ayhan","family":"Congologlu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Ankara T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8665-5611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Necati","family":"Balamtekin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital University of Health Sciences  Ankara T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13020186"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000517263"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24953\/turkjped.2020.2839"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000002725"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-22-730"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37275\/scipsy.v4i1.54"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0262712"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych-2022-100856"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000002825"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-58783-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36295\/ASRO.2020.231610"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-022-01300-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002411"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14724"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21518\/ms2023-163"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"110","article-title":"Evaluation of emotional, behavioral problems and family functioning in adolescents with chronic gastritis","volume":"117","author":"Ozyurt G","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Argent Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.46563\/1560-9561-2024-27-1-22-27"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000003259"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199707000-00021"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","first-page":"42","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school\u2010age children\u2010present and lifetime version, DSM\u20105 November 2016\u2010Turkish adaptation (K\u2010SADS\u2010PL\u2010DSM\u20105\u2010T)","volume":"30","author":"Unal F","year":"2019","journal-title":"Turk J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","first-page":"995","article-title":"The children's depression inventory (CDI)","volume":"21","author":"Kovacs M","year":"1985","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","first-page":"137","article-title":"Cocuklar icin Depresyon Olcegi gecerlik ve guvenirlik calismasi","volume":"2","author":"Oy B","year":"1991","journal-title":"Turk Psikiyatri Derg"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","volume-title":"State\u2010trait anxiety inventory for children","author":"Spielberger CD","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"\u00c7ocuklar i\u00e7in durumluk s\u00fcrekli kayg\u0131 envanteri uyarlama, ge\u00e7erlik ve g\u00fcvenirlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131","volume":"10","author":"\u00d6zusta \u015e","year":"1995","journal-title":"T\u00fcrk Psikoloji Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2020.110209"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3345\/cep.2024.01732"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.46439\/gastro.2.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.0313"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","article-title":"Gastroesophageal reflux disease in the young population and its correlation with anxiety and depression","volume":"13","author":"Bai P","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000512226"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-021-04060-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-020-01961-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abi6087"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2020.109951"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-042320-014032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac256"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2022.102826"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.1015175"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.10.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-020-00460-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24108460"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010919-023628"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2022.2120744"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.05.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo-2021-001209"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14384"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2024.1503783"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-014-9893-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jpn3.12185"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ped.70263","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ped.70263","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ped.70263","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:44:29Z","timestamp":1790912669000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ped.70263"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ped.70263"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ped.70263","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1328-8067","1442-200X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1328-8067","type":"print"},{"value":"1442-200X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70263"}}