{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:57:44Z","timestamp":1790913464409,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":348,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The COVID\u201019 pandemic that started in 2020 led to a significant reduction of many respiratory tract infections, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>With the cooperation of all 16 pediatric inpatient facilities in Fukushima Prefecture, we actively investigated the total numbers of RSV hospitalizations and severe lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) requiring respiratory support during a 10\u2010year period from 2014 to 2023. In addition, the number of sentinel RSV reports was obtained. We compared the disease burden of RSV infection between the period of 2014 and 2019 (defined as pre\u2010pandemic) and that of 2021 to 2023 (defined as post\u2010pandemic).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The annual number of sentinel RSV reports per 10,000 children aged &lt;5\u2009years after the pandemic increased to 611 from 445 compared to the pre\u2010pandemic period. In contrast, the number of RSV\u2010related hospitalizations decreased from 175 to 104, and the number of severe RSV\u2010related LRTI cases decreased from 59 to 43. Analysis of sentinel reports and hospitalization numbers by age group showed a higher hospitalization rate in children aged &lt;1\u2009year compared to those aged \u22651\u2009year. The age distribution of sentinel RSV reports was higher post\u2010pandemic than pre\u2010pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although the number of sentinel RSV reports increased after the pandemic, the number of RSV cases requiring hospitalization decreased compared to before the pandemic due mainly to an increase in the age of the infected children. This indicates the importance of preventing initial infection in children aged &lt;1\u2009year.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.70296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T12:32:12Z","timestamp":1765801932000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of the COVID\u201019 pandemic on RSV epidemiology in Fukushima, Japan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1626-3625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitsuaki","family":"Hosoya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine  Fukushima Japan"},{"name":"Department of Perinatology and Pediatrics for Regional Medical Support Fukushima Medical University  Fukushima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2985-1282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yohei","family":"Kume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine  Fukushima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhide","family":"Suyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine  Fukushima Japan"},{"name":"Suyama Pediatric Clinic  Fukushima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masatoki","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine  Fukushima Japan"},{"name":"Sakura Pediatric Clinic  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey Fukushima Medical University  Fukushima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine  Fukushima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayato","family":"Go","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine  Fukushima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-0303"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0804877"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60206-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00478-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"RSV Infection cases reported per sentinel weekly. Available from:https:\/\/www.niid.go.jp\/niid\/ja\/10\/2096\u2010weeklygraph\/1661\u201021rsv.html. [Accessed 9 August 2024] Fukushima Prefecture Infectious Disease Outbreak Trend Survey Project Report 2014\/2015https:\/\/www.pref.fukushima.lg.jp\/uploaded\/attachment\/163938.pdf. 2016https:\/\/www.pref.fukushima.lg.jp\/uploaded\/attachment\/208059.pdf. 2017https:\/\/www.pref.fukushima.lg.jp\/uploaded\/attachment\/282029.pdf. 2018https:\/\/www.pref.fukushima.lg.jp\/uploaded\/attachment\/387534.pdf. 2019https:\/\/www.pref.fukushima.lg.jp\/uploaded\/attachment\/387535.pdf. 2020https:\/\/www.pref.fukushima.lg.jp\/uploaded\/attachment\/445504.pdf. 2021https:\/\/www.pref.fukushima.lg.jp\/uploaded\/attachment\/501587.pdf. 2022https:\/\/www.pref.fukushima.lg.jp\/uploaded\/attachment\/560941.pdf. 2023https:\/\/www.pref.fukushima.lg.jp\/uploaded\/attachment\/624426.pdf. [Accessed 9 August 2024]"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.70208"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab942"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.70070"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac220"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fmch-2023-002453"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.16852"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/idr14010017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-053537"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"51","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus infection notification trends and interpretation of the reported case data, 2018\u20102021","volume":"78","author":"Otsuka M","year":"2025","journal-title":"Japan Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"Fukushima Prefecture Current Population Survey Annual Report. Available from:https:\/\/www.pref.fukushima.lg.jp\/sec\/11045b\/16890.html. [Accessed 9 August 2024]"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"1780","volume-title":"Feigin and Cherry's Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases","author":"Welliver RC","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2013182117"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06461-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00478-0"},{"issue":"55","key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Seasonal shift in epidemics of respiratory syncytial virus infection in Japan","volume":"149","author":"Miyama T","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268814002702"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026881600220X"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ped.70296","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ped.70296","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ped.70296","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:47:16Z","timestamp":1790912836000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ped.70296"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ped.70296"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ped.70296","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1328-8067","1442-200X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1328-8067","type":"print"},{"value":"1442-200X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70296"}}