{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T23:30:04Z","timestamp":1773099004606,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":67,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tracheomalacia, a common condition in neonates and children, is often associated with prematurity and prolonged mechanical ventilation. We aimed to investigate the characteristics of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) performed before extubation in preterm infants with subsequent diagnosis of tracheomalacia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed 44 preterm infants who underwent pre\u2010extubation PFTs and subsequent flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FFB) between April 2011 and May 2023. Nineteen infants were diagnosed with tracheomalacia by FFB (tracheomalacia group) and compared with 25 infants without the diagnosis (nontracheomalacia group). Tracheomalacia was defined as tracheal collapse during expiration with an increased ratio of the posterior membranous wall to tracheal cartilage observed during FFB. We compared patient characteristics and pulmonary function parameters, including static respiratory compliance (Crs) and crying vital capacity (CVC), between the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The tracheomalacia group had significantly lower gestational age and birth weight. Pre\u2010extubation Crs was significantly higher in the tracheomalacia group (1.23 vs. 0.97\u2009mL\/cmH\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\/kg,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), while CVC and maximal inspiratory pressure did not differ significantly.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preterm infants who were subsequently diagnosed with tracheomalacia exhibited higher Crs before extubation. Pre\u2010extubation Crs may be a potential predictor for the subsequent development of tracheomalacia in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.70358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T12:55:56Z","timestamp":1773060956000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of pre\u2010extubation pulmonary function in preterm infants with subsequent tracheomalacia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6928-8733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masanori","family":"Wasa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology Tokyo Women's Medical University Adachi Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hisaya","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology Tokyo Women's Medical University Adachi Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2732-5695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yosuke","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology Tokyo Women's Medical University Adachi Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8800-5401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masae","family":"Mizogami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology Tokyo Women's Medical University Adachi Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3744-6739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenta","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology Tokyo Women's Medical University Adachi Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shoichiro","family":"Kanabuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology Tokyo Women's Medical University Adachi Medical Center  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Paediatric tracheomalacia","volume":"17","author":"Hysinger EB","year":"2016","journal-title":"Paediatr Respir Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2004.01.010","article-title":"Tracheomalacia","volume":"5","author":"McNamara VM","year":"2004","journal-title":"Paediatr Respir Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3391","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.5.3391","article-title":"Tracheomalacia and bronchomalacia in children: incidence and patient 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