{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T08:47:43Z","timestamp":1775551663303,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":96,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although sildenafil is commonly used for bronchopulmonary dysplasia\u2010associated pulmonary hypertension (BPD\u2010PH), high\u2010quality evidence to justify its use remains sparse. Thus, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of sildenafil in preterm infants with BPD or BPD\u2010PH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review of randomized and non\u2010randomized comparative studies identified by searching MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Ichushi\u2010Web until November 28, 2024. The primary outcome measure was mortality at the time of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the 1944 studies identified, 54 were eligible for full\u2010text screening; however, none met the systematic review criteria. A post hoc narrative synthesis summarized the outcomes of preterm BPD\u2010PH infants receiving sildenafil in nine studies, which were ineligible for the systematic review due to the lack of control groups. These studies included 15\u2013666 infants born in high\u2010income countries from 2001 to 2022. Sildenafil treatment improved the PH symptoms in 47%\u201377% of patients according to the echocardiographic findings. In patients receiving sildenafil, mortality before NICU discharge was 13%\u201335% and the rate of severe retinopathy of prematurity was 16%\u201357%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence to support the use of sildenafil treatment for preterm infants with BPD\u2010PH to improve mortality and morbidity is lacking. More research, particularly randomized controlled trials, on the efficacy and safety of sildenafil treatment for preterm BPD\u2010PH infants is needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.70385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T07:51:54Z","timestamp":1775548314000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sildenafil for bronchopulmonary dysplasia\u2010associated pulmonary hypertension: A systematic search and narrative synthesis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4822-5535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Katayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center, Takatsuki General Hospital  Osaka 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