{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T11:03:12Z","timestamp":1779706992029,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":144,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Aerococcus urinae<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      is a potential causative pathogen of urinary tract infections in pediatric patients with underlying nephrological or urinary tract disorders. However, the need for targeted antimicrobial therapy remains controversial. Herein, we evaluated pediatric patients in whom\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>A. urinae<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was identified in urine cultures and compared the clinical outcomes between those who received antimicrobial therapy and those managed with observation alone.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Urine cultures submitted from 2018 to 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Cases were included if\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>A. urinae<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was cultured at \u2265\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                      colony\u2010forming units (CFU)\/mL in the presence of pyuria.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty\u2010six patients met the inclusion criteria; all had preexisting nephrological or urinary tract disorders.\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>A. urinae<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was isolated as a monoclonal species in only two cases. Thirteen patients (50%) received antimicrobial therapy, most commonly for cystitis, while 13 (50%) were managed conservatively without antimicrobials, achieving spontaneous resolution without relapse. Comparative analysis revealed that myelomeningocele and nitrite positivity were significantly more frequent in the observation group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.021 and\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009, respectively). Co\u2010infection with other bacterial species was frequently observed in cases where\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>A. urinae<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was isolated; however, whether these co\u2010isolated organisms were the primary pathogens remains unclear, along with guidance on treatment decisions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Given that approximately half of the cases involving multiple organisms, including\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>A. urinae<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , were resolved without antimicrobial intervention, it is crucial to reassess the clinical significance of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>A. urinae<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and its potential for contaminating such cultures. Treatment decisions should be individualized by considering anatomical risk factors and the overall clinical context.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.70410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T10:22:16Z","timestamp":1779704536000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Descriptive Epidemiology of\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Aerococcus urinae<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Isolated From Urine Cultures in a Pediatric Hospital: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6694-4488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shigetomo","family":"Mori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Pediatrics Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center  Obu Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eiki","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Pediatrics Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center  Obu Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9667-5436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Okumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Pediatrics Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center  Obu Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4602-9696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenta","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Pediatrics Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center  Obu Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-022-04730-2","article-title":"Aerococcus urinae\n                  \u2014Significance of Detection in the Paediatric Urinary Tract: A Case Series","volume":"182","author":"Rast D.","year":"2023","journal-title":"European Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2005.06.021","article-title":"Clinical Significance of \n                     Aerococcus urinae\n                  : A Retrospective Review","volume":"53","author":"Sierra\u2010Hoffman M.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2024.06.010","article-title":"Characteristics of Urinary Tract Infections in Children With Positive Urine Culture for \n                     Aerococcus urinae","volume":"30","author":"Sato E.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e318170af46","article-title":"Acute Pyelonephritis Caused by \n                     Aerococcus urinae\n                   in a 12\u2010Year\u2010Old Boy","volume":"27","author":"Murray T. 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R.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","article-title":"Urinary Tract Infection in Children","volume":"12","author":"Maringhini S.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","first-page":"962","volume-title":"Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases","author":"Sobel J. D.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.000276","article-title":"Enterococcus faecalis\n                   Ebp Pili Are Important for Cell\u2010Cell Aggregation and Intraspecies Gene Transfer","volume":"162","author":"La Rosa S. L.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbiology (Reading)"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.047639-0","article-title":"UafB Is a Serine\u2010Rich Repeat Adhesin of \n                     Staphylococcus saprophyticus\n                   That Mediates Binding to Fibronectin, Fibrinogen and Human Uroepithelial Cells","volume":"157","author":"King N. 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