{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T08:12:20Z","timestamp":1783930340885,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":193,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Weight changes following gluten\u2010free diet (GFD) initiation in children with celiac disease remain debated. The diet corrects malabsorption in underweight children but may promote excessive weight gain in those diagnosed at normal weight. We examined whether weight gain on the GFD represents physiological recovery or emerging obesity risk in a Turkish pediatric cohort.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We retrospectively analyzed 117 children diagnosed with celiac disease between 2015 and 2025. Patients were stratified by dietary adherence: strict (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200956), partial (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200944), and non\u2010adherent (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200917). Adherence was assessed via clinical symptoms, tissue transglutaminase serology, and patient interviews. Body mass index (BMI) and height\u2010for\u2010age\n z<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010scores were calculated at diagnosis and follow\u2010up (minimum 12\u2009months) per WHO 2007 Growth Reference standards.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n BMI\n z<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010scores increased significantly only in the strict adherence group (median \u0394 +0.27,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.036), while partial adherence (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.451) and non\u2010adherence (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.579) groups showed no significant change. Between\u2010group comparison was not significant (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.326). Height\u2010for\u2010age\n z<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010scores showed no significant change in the strict adherence group (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.247); BMI gains reflected disproportionate weight gain rather than proportional growth recovery. Six patients (5.1%) exceeded the obesity threshold (\n z<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010score\u2009>\u2009+2) during follow\u2010up.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Weight gain occurred primarily with strict GFD adherence. Without corresponding linear growth improvement, BMI increases in strictly adherent children may not represent catch\u2010up growth alone. Low obesity frequency may reflect traditional Turkish dietary patterns. Dietary counseling for celiac patients should extend beyond gluten avoidance to address overall nutritional balance.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.70482","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T07:53:38Z","timestamp":1783929218000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gluten\u2010Free Diet Adherence and BMI\n z<\/i>\n \u2010Scores in Pediatric Celiac Disease: Distinguishing Recovery From Excess Weight Gain"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2385-0953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Talha","family":"\u00dcst\u00fcnta\u015f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Necmettin Erbakan University Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7442-4549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aylin","family":"Y\u00fccel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Necmettin Erbakan University Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0305-674X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murat","family":"\u015een","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine Necmettin Erbakan University Konya 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