{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T22:25:50Z","timestamp":1767219950531},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,25]],"date-time":"2015-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1424822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>SMX<\/jats:styled-content>\/TMP<\/jats:styled-content> is the current gold standard for prophylaxis against PCP<\/jats:styled-content> in immunocompromised pediatric patients. Currently, there are several second\u2010line options for prophylaxis but many, including intravenous (IV<\/jats:styled-content>) pentamidine, have not been reported to be as effective or as safe as SMX<\/jats:styled-content>\/TMP<\/jats:styled-content> in the pediatric transplant population. This study is to determine the efficacy and safety of IV<\/jats:styled-content> pentamidine in preventing PCP<\/jats:styled-content> in pediatric transplant patients. A retrospective chart review was conducted to evaluate all transplant patients that received at least one dose of IV<\/jats:styled-content> pentamidine from January 2010 to July 2013. The primary outcome, IV<\/jats:styled-content> pentamidine efficacy, was evaluated by the incidence of PCP<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis for 28\u00a0days after the last dose of IV<\/jats:styled-content> pentamidine if patient was transitioned to another agent for PCP<\/jats:styled-content> prophylaxis. Patients on IV<\/jats:styled-content> pentamidine for entire course of PCP<\/jats:styled-content> prophylaxis were followed at least six\u00a0months after discontinuation of IV<\/jats:styled-content> pentamidine. The safety of IV<\/jats:styled-content> pentamidine was assessed by the incidence of adverse events leading to pentamidine discontinuation. All data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. All transplant patients at CCHMC<\/jats:styled-content> who had received IV<\/jats:styled-content> pentamidine were reviewed, and 333 patients met inclusion criteria. The overall incidence of PCP<\/jats:styled-content> was found to be 0.3% for pediatric transplant patients on pentamidine. Pentamidine was found to be safe, and the incidence of adverse events leading to discontinuation was 6% with the most common reason being tachycardia 2.1%. IV<\/jats:styled-content> pentamidine is safe and effective as PCP<\/jats:styled-content> prophylaxis in pediatric transplant patients with a PCP<\/jats:styled-content> breakthrough rate of 0.3% (1 of 333 patients), and only 20 adverse events led to discontinuation. We recommend that IV<\/jats:styled-content> pentamidine be considered as a second\u2010line option in pediatric transplant patients who cannot tolerate SMX<\/jats:styled-content>\/TMP<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.12441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,25]],"date-time":"2015-02-25T05:42:05Z","timestamp":1424842925000},"page":"326-331","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Intravenous pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii\/jiroveci<\/i> pneumonia prophylaxis in pediatric transplant patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Abigail","family":"Clark","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Department Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trina","family":"Hemmelgarn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Department Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Danziger\u2010Isakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Department Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Teusink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Department Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/339548"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705149"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","unstructured":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network.National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines Prevention and 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