{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T05:07:00Z","timestamp":1783141620811,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,25]],"date-time":"2020-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005683","name":"Kyoto University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005683","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Severe post\u2010transplant hypoxemia, which is defined as &lt;50\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg of the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood\/fraction of inspired oxygen (P\/F) ratio, is a major post\u2010operative complication with high mortality rates in patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS). Non\u2010invasive positive pressure ventilation therapy and mechanical ventilation are options for respiratory support of patients with severe post\u2010transplant hypoxemia. However, these therapies are associated with several problems, such as compliance, ventilator\u2010associated pneumonia, and lung injury. We here firstly described two children with HPS who developed severe post\u2010transplant hypoxemia (lowest post\u2010operative P\/F ratio, 49.7 and 34.0\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg, respectively) that was successfully managed with high\u2010flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy and vasodilation drugs without adverse complications or necessity of reintubation. We consider that HFNC oxygen therapy could become a safe alternative respiratory therapy or be added to the other such as inhaled nitric oxide (iNO), methylene blue (MB), inhaled epoprostenol, embolization of abnormal pulmonary vessels, and combination of iNO and MB for severe post\u2010transplant hypoxemia in children with HPS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.13813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,25]],"date-time":"2020-10-25T18:54:40Z","timestamp":1603652080000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["High\u2010flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy: Alternative respiratory therapy for severe post\u2010transplant hypoxemia in children with hepatopulmonary syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7215-9027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satoshi","family":"Hamada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Medicine for Respiratory Failure Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1958-0714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divison of Hepato\u2010Biliary\u2010Pancreatic and Transplant\/Pediatric Surgery Department of Surgery Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eri","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divison of Hepato\u2010Biliary\u2010Pancreatic and Transplant\/Pediatric Surgery Department of Surgery Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Sonoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divison of Hepato\u2010Biliary\u2010Pancreatic and Transplant\/Pediatric Surgery Department of Surgery Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Okajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divison of Hepato\u2010Biliary\u2010Pancreatic and Transplant\/Pediatric Surgery Department of Surgery Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Kanazawa Medical University Hospital Ishikawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toyohiro","family":"Hirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Handa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Medicine for Respiratory Failure Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto 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