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Unfortunately, bone status may be adversely affected even when overall status is improving, due to issues with pre\u2010existing bone disease as well as medications and nutritional challenges inherent post\u2010transplantation. For all children and adolescents, bone status entering adulthood is a critical determinant of bone health through adulthood. The overall health and bone status of transplant recipients benefits from attention to regular physical activity, good nutrition, adequate calcium, phosphorous, magnesium and vitamin D intake and avoidance\/minimization of soda, extra sodium, and obesity. Many immunosuppressive agents, especially glucocorticoids, can adversely affect bone function and development. Minimizing exposure to \u201cbone\u2010toxic\u201d medications is an important part of promoting bone health in children post\u2010transplantation. Existing guidelines detail how regular monitoring of bone status and biochemical markers can help detect bone abnormalities early and facilitate valuable bone\u2010directed interventions. Attention to calcium and vitamin D supplementation, as well as tapering and withdrawing glucocorticoids as early as possible after transplant, can provide best bone outcomes for these children. Dual\u2010energy X\u2010ray absorptiometry can be useful to detect abnormal bone mass and fracture risk in this population and newer bone assessment methods are being evaluated in children at risk for poor bone outcomes. Newer bone therapies being explored in adults with transplants, particularly bisphosphonates and the RANKL inhibitor denosumab, may offer promise for children with low bone mass post\u2010transplantation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.13940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,19]],"date-time":"2020-12-19T22:18:36Z","timestamp":1608416316000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Promoting bone health in children and adolescents following solid organ transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Kirstin","family":"Kusumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Akron Children\u2019s Hospital NEOMED Rootstown OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ala","family":"Shaikhkhalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiren P.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5175-1339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John D.","family":"Mahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2011050480"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2009.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980070020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s007740170001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.051215"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2019.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semnephrol.2003.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000076627.70050.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1999.14.11.1943"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.23.3014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1998.00866.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-115-1-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-139-6-200309160-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2003.51110.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneph0384"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"Renal transplantation, chronic dialysis, and chronic renal insufficiency in children and adolescents. 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