{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T15:33:43Z","timestamp":1782315223042,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,5]],"date-time":"2022-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>BKV and BKVN are common in pediatric kidney transplant, but there is limited data on treatment approaches. Our objective was to study the prevalence of BKV and BKVN utilizing only plasma qPCR and report treatment outcomes with stepwise IR and IVIG.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective study of all pediatric kidney transplants from 2013 to 2020. Excluded patients &gt;21\u00a0years at transplant and immediate graft failure. Surveillance was conducted using only plasma BK qPCR at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24\u00a0months and annually. BKV defined as \u2265250 copies\/ml and resolution as &lt;250 copies\/ml. Presumed BKVN as &gt;10\u00a0000 copies\/ml despite IR; and BKVN if confirmed on histology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010six patients were included in the study; 20 (35.7%) had BKV. BKV was associated with longer duration of stent, 40 vs. 33.5\u00a0days (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.004). Two patients (3.5%) had confirmed, and 2(3.5%) had presumed BKVN. The first\u2010line treatment was IR in 100% of patients. BKVN confirmed and presumed received IVIG every month for six doses. Viral resolution was achieved in 70%, and no difference was noted in estimated glomerular filtration rate between BKV and non\u2010BKV group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.438). There were no rejection episodes, and graft survival was 100% over median follow\u2010up of 3\u00a0years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Plasma qPCR alone is adequate for screening and monitoring treatment of BKV and BKVN. A stepwise IR and IVIG resulted in BKV resolution in the majority of patients. Larger studies are required to study the role of IVIG in the treatment of BKVN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.14241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,5]],"date-time":"2022-02-05T12:33:46Z","timestamp":1644064426000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Treatment of BK virus with a stepwise immunosuppression reduction and intravenous immunoglobulin in pediatric kidney transplant"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8445-5808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dunya","family":"Mohammad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics Children's and Women's Hospital University of South Alabama  Mobile Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dean Y.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Kidney Transplant Surgery Department of 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