{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T01:05:54Z","timestamp":1779930354477,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000145","name":"Alberta Innovates - Health Solutions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000145","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010090","name":"Women and Children's Health Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010090","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Atopic disorders are more common in children after heart transplant (HTx). We hypothesized that HTx at an early age and thymus excision (TE) affect development of T and B cells, especially regulatory T cells (Tregs), which help maintain tolerance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this single\u2010center study including 24 patients transplanted between 2013 and 2018, we investigated lymphocyte patterns in relation to these factors using flow cytometry. Clinical data were collected from standardized questionnaires and medical charts. Patients were stratified into TE and non\u2010TE groups as well as patients with and without post\u2010transplant atopy development\/worsening.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>64% of TE patients experienced new or worsening asthma\/eczema post\u2010transplant compared to 20% of non\u2010TE patients. TE patients had higher total Treg proportions (CD4+CD25+CD127lo) than non\u2010TE patients (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0.043), but borderline significantly lower na\u00efve Tregs (CD45RA+CD27\u2212) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.057). Memory CD4+ T cells were higher in TE patients in trend (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0.084). Total Tregs did not differ between atopic\/nonatopic groups, although na\u00efve Tregs were significantly lower in atopic patients (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0.028). Memory CD4+ T cells were higher in atopic patients in trend (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0.082). IgM+IgD+ B cells were higher in nonatopic patients in trend (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0.064).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>New\/worsening atopy is more common in thymectomized HTx children and is associated with alterations in T\u2010cell profiles. Avoiding TE may prevent these alterations and reduce incidence of atopy post\u2010HTx.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.14252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T09:10:09Z","timestamp":1645434609000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Alterations in the immune phenotype of thymectomized children and the development of atopic disorders after heart transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6930-3283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiffany B.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lavinia","family":"Ionescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Avdimiretz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Respirology The Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faye","family":"Murdoch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Stollery Children\u2019s Hospital  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid M.","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Motyka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lori J.","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Stollery Children\u2019s Hospital  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0820-6815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Urschel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Stollery Children\u2019s Hospital  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230600865549"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102249.2008.03771.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000147735.19342.DE"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.3.1962"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0065\u20102776(03)81008\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2622"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/915864"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2009.0864"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13400"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"341","volume-title":"ISHLT Monograph Series \u2013 Pediatric Heart Transplantation","author":"Avdimiretz N","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753\u2010012\u20109496\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.251"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"Asthma by age group. (2020). 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