{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T15:35:57Z","timestamp":1774366557982,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,8]],"date-time":"2023-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an endothelial cell tumor, rare in children. It is 200 times more frequent after solid organ transplantation than in the general population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report three cases of pediatric patients who developed KS after liver transplantation (LT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case 1, a 4\u2010year\u2010old boy undergoing LT due to familial intrahepatic cholestasis. Five months after LT, he presented with fever, dyspnea, and cough with enlarged lymph nodes and splenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia, elevated liver enzymes, and positive EBV viral load. Lymph node biopsy diagnosed KS with an elevated HHV8 viral load. Case 2, a 4\u2010year\u2010old boy who underwent LT due to secondary biliary cirrhosis resulting from extrahepatic biliary atresia. Two years later, graft dysfunction was noticed with positive EBV viral load, thrombocytopenia, massive cervical lymph node enlargement, and splenomegaly. Lymph node biopsy diagnosed KS, Castleman's disease, and plasmablastic lymphoma related to HHV8 infection. Case 3, a 15\u2010month\u2010old girl, who received two LT due to biliary cirrhosis. Six months later, she presented with diarrhea, abdominal distension, anemia, thrombocytopenia, enlarged lymph nodes, splenomegaly, and positive CMV viral load. Axillary lymph node biopsy diagnosed KS and HHV8 infection was confirmed. In all three cases, tacrolimus was discontinued and, after diagnosis, sirolimus was started. All recovered without relapse and have a good graft function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Kaposi sarcoma is a rare disease post\u2010LT in children. Recognizing keywords and early diagnosis is crucial for timely treatment and survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.14469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]],"date-time":"2023-01-09T05:14:58Z","timestamp":1673241298000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Kaposi sarcoma in three pediatric liver transplantation recipients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9509-9378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra  Coimbra Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Hepatology and Transplantation Unit, Department of Pediatrics Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio 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